Ambulance Location Problems and Cost-Effective Analysis with Time-Dependent Demand and Speed

In this paper, an EMS cost-effective model is adopted in multi-period environment to minimize the social cost. The ACO algorithm is improved to adjust to the model. With the variation in demands and speeds over time, different deployments is taken to obtain the optimal plan. This paper applied the model to the data from Songjiang District in Shanghai. The empirical results show that the deployment plan based on the mulita-period model can reduce the total cost by 5.25% compared with the static model.