Applying model-based system engineering to modelling and simulation requirements for weapon analysis

The use of Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) to support the definition of requirements and design of modern complex aerospace systems is becoming increasingly accepted. However, MBSE tools and techniques also have many beneficial applications in the definition of requirements for conceptual modelling, and in the design for modelling, simulation, analysis, and implementation of aerospace systems. An MBSE based methodology, known as the Whole-of-System Analytical Framework (WSAF) [1], was developed to provide structure, rigour and traceability to the definition of modelling and simulation requirements for the analysis of weapon and combat system performance. The WSAF is grounded in standard analysis principles and practises but applies MBSE tools and techniques to support the analyst throughout the process [2]. Employing the WSAF, the study definition for the analysis of a weapon system's performance is achieved by deconstructing the systems of interest into their functional components. This activity considers the weapon “kill chain” from initial target detection through to assessing the effect of the weapon [3], and can include the entire combat system (including third party support platforms). Each system's functionality is then systematically analysed in order to identify the questions that must be addressed by a study. The modelling, simulation and analysis requirements necessary to answer those questions are then derived [1] [2]. By functionally defining the whole weapon system kill chain, analysts are able to ensure that their analysis is complete and rigorous, while the MBSE tools provide the required traceability [2]. The WSAF has been applied across the Australian defence domain and is utilised by one of DST Group's partner organisations, Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC). This paper describes the WSAF methodology using case studies from DST Group and DRDC. Lessons accumulated by both organisations are discussed, covering the application of MBSE tools and techniques to support weapon and combat system modelling, simulation and analysis for over a decade.