Compact vapor cell cesium clock based on continuous wave optical pumping

A compact laser pumped vapor-cell cesium clock is introduced. The microwave cavity design is essential to the performance of the clock. In order to get a great homogeneity of the magnetic field, we use a compact magnetron cavity, which meanwhile reduces the size of physics package. Theoretical analysis shows the basic structure of the magnetron cavity, which is proved and further optimized by software simulation. Simulation results show that the magnetron cavity operates in the TE
₀₁₁
mode and has a high quality factor. The cesium clock with the magnetron cavity achieves a stability of 1.8×10
^-12
τ
^1/2
(1s≤ τ ≤ 100s).