A low-power Cu atom switch programmable logic fabricated in a 40nm-node CMOS technology

For the first time, a 40nm-node, 2× logic density, 3.8× operation speed, and 3× power efficient, nonvolatile programmable logic (NPL) is demonstrated by using Cu atom switch for configuration switches. The switching characteristics of the atom switch are kept in scaling down to 64/32nm device area, and an improved PSE reduces set voltage while keeping low leakage current, enabling core transistors to select the atom switches. The developed 40nm NPL is a strong candidate for the next wave of energy-efficient computing.