Design of reflective phase-shifting surface for generating electromagnetic vortex wave

A new design of reflective phase-shifting surface for generating an orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex wave in the radio frequency domain is presented in this paper. The reflective phase-shifting surface consists of single-layer square patches periodically arranged. Theoretical formulations of phase-shift distributions are deduced and used to design the reflective phase-shifting surface producing vortex radio waves. A prototype is designed and simulated to validate the theoretical analysis at 5.8GHz. The simulation results verify that the vortex waves with different OAM mode numbers can be flexibly generated by using the proposed reflective phase-shifting surface. The proposed method paves a way to generate the OAM vortex waves for radio and microwave wireless communication applications.