A compact 2-port half-shaped cubical PIFA design for pattern reconfigurable MIMO terminal

This paper presents a pattern reconfigurable Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Half Shaped Cubical Antenna (HSCA) in user terminal. Two HSCAs were designed where a single HSCA is formed by combining 3 Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) elements. PIN diodes are used to perform the pattern reconfiguration. All the 3 PIFA elements at both ports are operating at LTE-U band at 5.3GHz, 5.6GHz and 5.7GHz respectively. The reflection coefficient for all PIFA elements are less than -10dB. The maximum realized gain for each PIFA element at both ports are 4.32 dB, 7.18 dB and 6.91dB respectively. The Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) between 2 ports is smaller than 0.1. The high gain and low envelope correlation make the MIMO antenna suitable for mobile terminal applications.