Design of spherical antenna arrays for a 3D scannable pattern using differential evolution

This paper presents the synthesis of a 3D scannable pattern for spherical antenna arrays. This design of steerable spherical antenna arrays considers the optimization of the amplitude and phase excitations across the antenna elements. The synthesis process is carried out by the evolutionary optimization technique of Differential Evolution. Simulation results for scannable spherical antenna arrays with amplitude and phase excitation optimized by Differential Evolution demonstrate that this evolutionary technique could provide better performance in terms of side lobe level and directivity with respect to the conventional case of progressive phase excitation.