Increasing lifespan and achieving energy efficiency of wireless sensor network

The wireless sensor network is designed to install the smart network application or network for emergency solution, where human interaction is not possible. WSN consists of many sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as health state monitoring, military applications, temperature, sound, pressure, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively transfer the data through network to a central location. The main constraint of WSN are low power and minimum processing. The nodes in WSN have to self organize as per the users requirements to monitor environments. The sensor nodes are deployed in an unreachable location for particular mission, it is difficult to exchange or recharge the nodes battery. To increase the lifespan of Wireless Sensor Network, well-organized utilization of power is required. This paper present mechanism for Cluster head selection using basic information of node and objective function. In all algorithms, data processing is done at the Cluster Head(CH) which use huge amount of energy because energy consumption depends upon the length of the packet which is transmitted and the distance between nodes to CHs and CH to BS. The proposed work minimizes the length of the packet by processing the data at the node. Furthermore We emphasize on Node state switching mechanism which helps to increase the lifespan of WSN.