Temperature-dependent multiscale-dynamics in Lithium-ion battery electrochemical models

In a Lithium-ion battery, the relative importance between the three microscale transport processes, i.e. diffusion, electromigration and heterogeneous reaction, can be quantified using the dimensionless Electric Péclet (Pe) and Damköhler (Da) numbers. By means of homogenization technique, we upscale the pore-scale Poisson-Nernst-Planck equation to the macroscopic scale and formulate a phase diagram in the (Da,Pe)-space that identifies the applicability conditions under which isothermal electrochemical macroscopic models provide an accurate description of the micro-scale dynamics [1]. In this work, we focus on the effect of temperature on macroscale (Newman-type) models' accuracy for a number of commercially available lithium-ion batteries. We show that macroscopic models are able to accurately represent pore-scale dynamics only within specific temperature bounds and their veracity is strongly controlled by the battery operating temperature conditions.