Broadband dielectric spectroscopy calibration using calibration liquids with unknown permittivity

This paper presents a calibration method for broadband dielectric spectroscopy of micro-liter samples of biological liquids with transmission line sensors up to 110 GHz. The method uses water and methanol as calibration liquids to perform a probe-tip-to-liquid calibration without prior knowledge of their complex permittivity. Extracted complex permittivities of the calibration liquids show good agreement with literature values. Furthermore, sensors with different first-tier calibrations and geometries show consistent results.