PARK: A privacy-preserving aggregation scheme with adaptive key management for smart grid

Smart Grid, as one kind of promising sustainable power systems, can rely on two-way communications and emerging smart meters to intelligently control the residential electricity usage. However, due to the inherent open communication media as well as the limited communication, computation and storage capabilities of smart meters, security concerns raise and hinder the further flourish of smart grid. In this paper, we propose a privacy-preserving aggregation (PARK) scheme with adaptive key management and revocation, to prevent user's data from being disclosed to untrusted entities in smart grid. Specifically, we first investigate a lightweight aggregation scheme with efficient aggregate authentication, which protects the individual user's data from disclosure to the untrusted aggregator. Furthermore, we propose an adaptive key management mechanism with effective revocation, where users can automatically update their encryption keys if no user joins or departs from the system. The expiry time of the key is determined by user's reputation for the adaptive key management. Finally, the security analysis demonstrates that the PARK can achieve privacy preservation, forward and backward secrecy at the same time, while the performance evaluation shows that the PARK consumes reasonable costs.