Triangular Lattice Dielectric EBG Antenna

A novel electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) antenna based on a triangular lattice of dielectric rods is presented and analyzed using an in-house developed finite-difference-time-domain software simulator. The design steps and the simulations results are presented, focusing on the design of antenna structures with high directivity patterns on the H-plane. Finally, the measurement results of a set of experiments carried out on a prototype designed and built to operate in the X-band are presented and discussed, showing very good agreement with simulations: 31% fractional bandwidth and an average gain of 11.5 dBi are achieved within the bandwidth with 27 dB front-to-back-ratio in the azimuthal plane.