Low grazing incident effects from rough surface

The second-order full-polarized bistatic scattering coefficients by small perturbation method (SPM) are calculated in this paper. The modification effect of co-polarized scattering by high-order SPM (HSPM) at low grazing angle (LGA) is demonstrated. The electromagnetic scattering from Gaussian conducting and fractional Brownian motion (fBm) dielectric rough surface at LGA condition is discussed by HSPM and high-order Kirchhoff approximation (KA). It is shown that the scattering results agree well with a set of measured data and numerical ones by method of moments (MoM) at different incidence angles.