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# Journal of the A.I.E.E.

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• ### Abridgment of two-reaction theory of synchronous machines generalized method of analysis — Part I

Publication Year: 1929, Page(s): 194
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (234 KB)

STARTING with the basic assumption of no saturation or hysteresis, and with distribution of armature phase m. m. f. effectively sinusoidal so far as regards phenomena dependent upon rotor position, general formulas are developed for current, voltage, power, and torque under steady and transient load conditions. Special detailed formulas are also developed which permit the determination of current ... View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of the influence of polarity on high-voltage discharges

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s):859 - 863
| | PDF (1785 KB)

An experimental investigation of the influence of polarity on high-voltage discharges is reported in this paper. Particular attention is given to those discharges used in high-voltage measurements. A theory of the formation of Lichtenberg figures is given together with experimental evidence upon which it is based. A polarity indicator utilizing visual Lichtenberg figures is described. Results of 6... View full abstract»

• ### Theory of three-circuit transformers

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):345 - 355
| | PDF (2262 KB)

The characteristics of three-circuit transformers, the literature of which is very meager, is discussed here in considerable detail. The features of the scheme of treatment are as follows: 1. The scope and general aspects of the problems of three-circuit transformers are reviewed. 2. Some peculiar phenomena of considerable theoretical interest are cited. 3. An electrical network equivalent to the ... View full abstract»

• ### Steady-state stability in transmission systems calculation by means of equivalent circuits or circle diagrams

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):365 - 373
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (1809 KB)

The maximum load on a proposed transmission system must be within the steady-state power limit of the system for stability of operation. Two methods of calculating steady state stability are given in detail and illustrated by examples. (1) The given transmission system is replaced by a simple equivalent system, then the steady-state power limit of this equivalent system is determined graphically. ... View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of parallel operation of transformers: Whose ratios of transformation are unequal

Publication Year: 1929, Page(s):809 - 812
| | PDF (951 KB)

An equation is developed for use in meeting emergency conditions which necessitate the paralleling of transformer banks whose impedances expressed in percentage are not equal. This equation makes it possible to calculate what change should be made in the ratio of transformation of the bank with the lower percentage impedance in order to prevent its being overloaded when the total load approaches t... View full abstract»

• ### Recent improvements in large induction motors

Publication Year: 1927, Page(s):1167 - 1175
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (5019 KB)

Like that of many other rotating electrical machines, the development of the large induction motor has been a steady and an interesting progression. From the first induction motor to the present product has been a long step, marked by the analytical ability of many capable engineers, and accompanied by continual improvements in construction, some of which are reviewed in this paper. To describe th... View full abstract»

• ### Certain factors affecting telegraph speed

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):1197 - 1198
| | PDF (758 KB)

Bela Gati (by letter): The following remarks apply to cable telegraphy. Some experiments with a-c. telegraphy have been made by the writer which are of interest in considering telegraph speed. These tests were made on long lines and oscillograph records of two of the tests which are shown herewith. In one case direct current was employed and in the other alternating current at 500 cycles per secon... View full abstract»

• ### Synchronous machines I — An extension of Blondel's two-reaction theory

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):974 - 987
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (3390 KB)

Blondel treated salient pole machines by resolving the fundamental space component of m. m. f. along the two axes of symmetry the direct axis of the pole, and the quadrature axis between poles. Using this idea and applying harmonic analysis, Blondevs theory has been extended in the present paper to a comprehensive system of treatment in which the effect of harmonic m. m. fsy as well as the fundame... View full abstract»

• ### Cipher printing telegraph systems: For secret wire and radio telegraphic communications

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):109 - 115
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (2691 KB)

This paper describes a printing telegraph cipher system developed during the World War for the use of the Signal Corps, U. S. Army. This system is so designed that the messages are in secret form from the time they leave the sender until they are deciphered automatically at the office of the addressee. If copied while en route, the messages cannot be deciphered by an enemy, even though he has full... View full abstract»

• ### Parallel resonance and anti-resonance

Publication Year: 1928, Page(s):662 - 665
| | PDF (878 KB)

There seems to be a certain amount of uncertainty among authors as to just what is a correct definition of resonance in a parallel circuit such as shown of Fig. 1. The most common definition is that resonance is that condition which makes the total reactance, or susceptance, equal to zero. This is the condition for unity power factor. In some definitions the further condition is added that at reso... View full abstract»

• ### Fundamental considerations of power limits of transmission systems

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):1045 - 1057
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (3800 KB)

At this time the power limit of transmission lines is a live subject and presents such complications as to require very careful analysis. The paper points out the essential features to be considered in a study of the problem, and calls attention to some outstanding results of an experimental investigation of the subject with a view to clarifying some of the points that have been under discussion i... View full abstract»

• ### Tooth pulsation in rotating machines

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):646 - 650
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (995 KB)

1. An experimental method is presented of checking the magnitude of flux pulsations in the teeth of rotating machines where both members are slotted. The method consists in using metallic electrodes shaped like the teeth of a machine and an electrolyte or mercury to represent the air. Voltage is applied between the two members and the current through the tooth under consideration is measured. The ... View full abstract»

• ### Studies of transmission stability

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):374 - 383
| | PDF (2329 KB)

Stability may be defined as the capacity of a power system to remain in equilibrium under steady load conditions, and its ability to regain a state of equilibrium after a disturbance has taken place. The lack of stability first manifested itself in the cases of overloaded machines and high impedance tie lines. The transmission of large blocks of power over long distances has presented the problem ... View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of high-voltage corona in air

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s):272 - 276
| | PDF (1836 KB)

In the last few years contributions to corona literature by Holm, Ryan, Willis, and others have shown that the space charge liberated by alternating corona reacts on the corona to a high degree in determining its characteristics. This investigation studies the nature of these effects as influenced by variation in the limits of travel of the space charge. The three properties of corona readily lend... View full abstract»

• ### A study of direct-current corona in various gases

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):16 - 23
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (1609 KB)

1. The critical corona intensities have been determined for helium, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, air, and carbon dioxide for pressures ranging from 2 to 760 mm. 2. In each case the relation ${E over P} = A + {B over sqrt{P}}$ was found to hold approximately for pressures above 4 cm. 3. The values found for air agree well with those found by Whitehead and Isshiki from their investigation ... View full abstract»

• ### Some notes on electricity transmission and distribution practise in europe with comments on high-tension substations and switch gear

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):958 - 967
| | PDF (8050 KB)

This paper describes some of the more recent overhead and underground electricity transmission developments in Europe and is intended to convey a general ide`a of the status of that art in some of the European countries. No attempt has been made to include all the recent high-tension lines in the countries touched upon, but those included are typical of the work being done and the voltages ... View full abstract»

• ### Certain factors affecting telegraph speed

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):124 - 130
| | PDF (1724 KB)

In considering methods for increasing the speed of telegraph circuits, the engineer is confronted by the problem of transmitting over a circuit the maximum amount of intelligence using a given frequency range, without causing undue interference, either in the circuit being considered or from that circuit to other circuits. In this paper the following two fundamentally important factors in connecti... View full abstract»

• ### Corona losses between wires at extra high voltage

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):394 - 397
| | PDF (1127 KB)

F. W. Peek, Jr.: Prof. Harding has given us some curves up to 500,000 volts on conductors good for operation at 220 kv. or less. His loss measurements under some conditions show a close agreement with the quadratic law over a reasonable range of voltage for the conductors. The difference on several of the conductors is, I believe, due to the fact that sphere gaps were used for voltage measurement.... View full abstract»

• ### Proximity effect in a seven-strand cable

Publication Year: 1928, Page(s):290 - 295
| | PDF (1329 KB)

THE calculation of the alternating current resistance ratio due to skin effect or proximity effect has been worked out for many shapes and combinations of conductors but often without recourse to experimental results. It is, accordingly, the purpose of this work to check calculations with tests for the type of calculation recently developed, covering the losses in several round wires connected in ... View full abstract»

• ### Operating experiences with the relaying of the duquesne ring

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):1158 - 1165
| | PDF (1156 KB)

A paper was presented by the writer at the A. I. E. E. Spring Convention, held at Pittsburgh, April 24 to 26, 1923, and was published in the July 1923 issue of the Institute Journal, on the subject; “Selective Relay System of the 66,000 Volt Ring of the Duquesne Light Company.” That paper described in detail the systems of relaying which are used to protect the Duquesne Ring for both... View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of double windings for turbine alternators

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s):225 - 228
| | PDF (1156 KB)

Large turbine alternators with two similar independent armature windings to permit the electrical segregation of bus sections in large stations without loss of synchronizing power have recently been proposed. Several such generators have been installed or are under construction, and it now seems that they will become of paramount importance in very large future stations. This paper explains the th... View full abstract»

• ### Voltage standards for electrical distribution

Publication Year: 1927, Page(s):344 - 345
| | PDF (503 KB)

This paper discusses the necessity for standardizing voltages and advocates the utilization voltage as the most logical reference base. It suggests that the ratios adopted should be uniform at all voltages. It also proposes that there should be a recognized standard for transformers in which the direction of energy flow is subject to change. View full abstract»

• ### The direct method of calculation of capacitance of conductors

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):1034 - 1039
| | PDF (628 KB)

The capacitance, or electrostatic capacity, of conductors of various shapes has practically always been calculated by the “inverse method” of first assuming certain charges of electricity and from them calculating equi-potential lines and surfaces, which, in the more fortunate cases, agreed exactly with the shapes of the conductors. In other cases, such as that of a three-conductor s... View full abstract»

• ### The single-phase induction motor

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):499 - 508
| | PDF (1677 KB)

The operation of the single-phase induction motor is presented according to the crossfield theory as distinguished from the theory of oppositely rotating fields. The mathematics used require only a knowledge of algebra and trigonometry and no factors, such as crossfield iron loss and crossfield magnetizing current, are neglected. In addition to the derivation of the vector diagram, its transformat... View full abstract»

• ### Fire protection of water-wheel type generators

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):1121 - 1130
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (4960 KB)

In recent years, much attention has been given to fire protection of turbo generators, resulting in a trend towards closed ventilating systems and the use of inert gas to smother combustion. Water-wheel type generators are not so well adapted to this method of protection. In water-power plants, water is the most readily available means for fire extinguishment, but its indiscriminate use through pe... View full abstract»

• ### The oscilloscope: A stabilized cathode-ray: Oscillograph with linear time-axis

Publication Year: 1927, Page(s):563 - 567
| | PDF (1452 KB)

A method is described for using a cathode-ray oscillograph for the simultaneous observation of a number of variable quantities by means of a distributor. A linear time-axis, obtained by means of a gas-discharge lamp connected to a source of direct-current through a resistance or thermionic tube, is stabilized by introducing into this circuit a small e. m. f. derived from the same source that suppl... View full abstract»

• ### Temperature rise of stationary electrical apparatus as influenced by radiation, convection and altitude: Effect of altitude on temperature rise

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):283 - 288
| | PDF (1639 KB)

W. J. Foster: For a great many years I have been a party to the effort to obtain correction factors for rotating machinery from data collected at high altitudes and at sea level, thus deriving empirical formula, but I must confess that it seems a hopeless task. View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of development of the porcelain insulator

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s):796 - 799
| | PDF (1338 KB)

Porcelain insulators have been manufactured and used for the transmission of high-voltage electric power for forty years. The first designs were of the single piece and multipart cemented pin type. Necessity of higher safety factors against flashover and increase in operating voltages demanded a rapid increase in the size of the insulators. This reached an economic limit at the operating voltage o... View full abstract»

• ### Mechanical force between electric circuits

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):231 - 235
| | PDF (932 KB)

A general equation is developed for the mechanical force exerted by a system of n electric circuits, upon any part of that system. The electric circuits are assumed to contain resistances, and the reluctance of the several magnetic circuits is assumed to be a function of both the currents and the relative positions of the circuits. The equation is therefore applicable to circuits involving saturat... View full abstract»

• ### The rotating magnetic field theory of A-C. motors

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):170 - 178
| | PDF (1650 KB)

The predetermination of the performance of a polyphase a-c. machine is greatly facilitated by the fact that at constant voltage and frequency its magnetic field is of constant intensity and rotating with uniform velocity. It is easy to form a mental picture of lines of ferce moving in space and being cut by conductors, which may be moving or stationary. Furthermore, the rate of cutting, and theref... View full abstract»

• ### Synchronizing power in synchronous machines under steady and transient conditions

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):1229 - 1237
| | PDF (1526 KB)

The accuracy of all calculations relating to the hunting of synchronous machines connected mechanically to reciprocating apparatus depends largely upon the correctness with which the value of the synchronizing power Ps may be determined. Thus, the calculation of flywheels necessary for the parallel operation of engine driven generators depends entirely on a correct value of Ps View full abstract»

• ### Superpower transmission: Economies and limitations of the transmission system of extraordinary length

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):3 - 17
| | PDF (3418 KB)

This paper is a study of the transmission of very large blocks of power for extraordinary distances and has for its purpose the bringing out of the major operating characteristics of such a system, the characteristics which it possesses ivhich are different from those of shorter transmissions and the duties imposed upon generators, transformers, synchronous condensers, switches, etc., primarily as... View full abstract»

• ### Transformer tap changing under load

Publication Year: 1927, Page(s):1214 - 1221
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (4274 KB)

Changing the voltage ratio of transformers under load is now a recognized and established procedure. Methods of changing taps under load are discussed, illustrated and compared. Equipment for obtaining smooth curve voltage control is discussed, as well as combination voltage and phase-angle control. View full abstract»

• ### Progress in aeronautic radio research

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s): 1032
| | PDF (276 KB)

The development of radio aids to aviation is being forwarded through work of the National Bureau of Standards, which is operating also as the research division of the Aeronautics Branch, Department of Commerce. In recent months, improvements have been made in equipment for use with the system of radio range beacons which the department is installing on the airways. Since a beginning has been made ... View full abstract»

• ### Operating performance of a Petersen earth coil-II

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):227 - 230
| | PDF (896 KB)

At the A. I. E. E. Spring Convention, Pittsburg, April 24–26, 1923, a paper was presented by the authors on the operation of a Petersen Earth Coil installed by the Alabama Power Company on its Lock 12-Vida 44,000-volt system. That paper reported an excellent performance record for the coil, although several unaccounted for bus insulator flashovers occurred at Lock 12, indicating that furthe... View full abstract»

• ### Dielectric properties of fibrous insulation as affected by repeated voltage application

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):3 - 10
| | PDF (1832 KB)

It is believed by many that the most plausible explanation of fibrous insulation failure is the pyroelectric theory. Under this theory as elaborated by Steinmetz, Wagner and others, insulation under stress is heated by the transformation of electric energy to thermal energy. Insulations are considered as of the nature of poor conductors and subject to the same characteristics. The transformation o... View full abstract»

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s):293 - 297
| | PDF (1143 KB)

It is pointed out that safe loading of transformers by temperature requires not only an accurate knowledge of the thermal laws but also a knowledge of what is a safe temperature limit to be maintained continuously which condition, with the present method of limiting the load to nameplate rating, seldom, if ever, happens. In view of our present knowledge and experience, the author questions the adv... View full abstract»

• ### Temperature rise of stationary electrical: Apparatus as influenced by radiation, convection and altitude

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):803 - 812
| | PDF (2380 KB)

Part I of the paper takes up first the division of losses by radiation and convection from tall vertical planes. It is shown that the loss by convection from tall planes can be expressed by the formula $W_{c} = 0.0014 A theta^{5/4}$ in which Wc is the watts, A the square inches of surface and θ the temperature rise in degrees centigrade. It is then shown that the divis... View full abstract»

• ### Telephone, telegraph and cable regulation to remain with interstate commerce commission

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s): 1035
| | PDF (263 KB)

In a progress report opposing the Couzens Bill now pending in the Senate (for “the transmission of regulation of transmission of intelligence by wire or wireless”) — Council's Committee on Communication declares that for the present at least, regulation of telephone, telegraph and cable common carriers should remain with the Interstate Commerce Commission. The committee is aga... View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of the M. I. T. network analyzer: Design and application to power system problems

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s):872 - 875
| | PDF (1454 KB)

Previous network computing devices with their uses and limitations are reviewed briefly, following which is a statement of the requisites for an effective a-c. calculating table. The M. I. T. Network Analyzer, a static miniature a-c. power system designed and constructed jointly by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the General Electric Company for the computation of actual power networ... View full abstract»

• ### Corona investigation on an artificial line

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):813 - 820
| | PDF (3310 KB)

Accompanying corona on a transmission line, there has been found, in several cases, an appreciable increase in the line charging current over that indicated by the usual formula. This has been taken to indicate an increased line capacitance resulting from the presence of the corona envelope about the conductors, and has, for this reason, come to be described as the extra-capacity effect of corona.... View full abstract»

• ### A precision regulator for alternating voltage

Publication Year: 1929, Page(s):110 - 113
| | PDF (1263 KB)

A recently developed precision voltage regulator for use with alternating current is described. It will maintain its output voltage constant to within 0.03 per cent over an input voltage range of 10 per cent and a load range of from zero to full load. This regulation is accomplished by means of a small transformer inserted in one of the lines which boosts or bucks the impressed voltage by the requ... View full abstract»

• ### Parameters of heating curves of electrical machinery

Publication Year: 1926, Page(s):40 - 42
| | PDF (729 KB)

When a body is being heated by a uniform addition of a constant quantity of heat per unit time, its temperature above the ambient air (the latter being assumed to remain at a constant temperature) increases approximately according to an exponential law. The exponent is proportional to the ratio between the heat capacity of the body and the coefficient of thermal dissipation into the surrounding me... View full abstract»

• ### National electrical code

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s): 1263
| | PDF (300 KB)

The 1925 Edition of the National electrical code has now been released by the National Board of Fire Underwriters. The actual date when it supersedes the 1923 Edition in the review of electric wiring can be determined by inquiry of the authority by whom inspections are made in each respective locality. View full abstract»

• ### Telegraph traffic engineering

Publication Year: 1927, Page(s):469 - 478
| | PDF (2529 KB)

THE subject, telegraph traffic engineering, covers a field so wide that to compress it within the limits of a single paper necessitates an arbitrary limitation of the points to be discussed. For this reason there is here presented an outline of only the following four points: 1. Wire layout. 2. Traffic routing. 3. Office layout. 4. Operator assignment. View full abstract»

• ### Abridgment of the calculation of the armature reactance of synchronous machines

Publication Year: 1928, Page(s):265 - 269
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (1446 KB)

This paper presents new and simplified formulas for the armature leakage reactance of synchronous machines, and compares the results obtained with tests on 100 machines of varied types. The new formulas are characterized by novel expressions for the end leakage and for the “air-gap” or “differential leakage” reactances. Formulas for zero phase-sequence reactances also a... View full abstract»

• ### Synchronous motor drive for rubber mills: With special reference to dynamic braking control for safety stopping

Publication Year: 1925, Page(s):350 - 353
| | PDF (2227 KB)

Since wound-rotor induction motors with clutch brakes have been very commonly used for this application, a review of the operating conditions and safety requirements is given, in order to show why synchronous motors without clutches may be used for the same application. View full abstract»

• ### Theory of three circuit transformers

Publication Year: 1924, Page(s):1208 - 1209
| | PDF (724 KB)

P. L. Alger: Mr. Boyajian's theory of three-circuit transformers applies to the induction motor as well as to the transformer. His three-circuit transformer is the same in theory as the double-squirrel-cage induction motor, and the same phenomenon of a negative reactance which occurs in his diagrams also occurs in the equivalent circuit of the motor. View full abstract»

• ### Standards: Graphical symbols for electric power and interior wiring

Publication Year: 1930, Page(s): 151
| | PDF (283 KB)

A report on a proposed American Standard for Graphical Symbols for Electric Power and Interior Wiring developed by a subcommittee of the Sectional Committee on Scientific and Engineering Symbols and Abbreviations was received at the December 13, 1929 meeting of the A. I. E. E. Standards Committee and was ordered printed in report form for distribution for purposes of criticism and suggestion. This... View full abstract»

• ### Graphical determination of magnetic fields: Practical applications to salient-pole synchronous machine design

Publication Year: 1927, Page(s):430 - 437
Cited by:  Papers (4)
| | PDF (2911 KB)

There are three methods of obtaining the flux distribution in a magnetic field. First: By test. Templates or models can be made of the field to be explored and the flux distribution can be obtained by test as described in a companion paper “Graphical Determination of Magnetic Fields — Comparison of Calculations and Tests” by Messrs. E. E. Johnson and C. H. Green. Second: By ma... View full abstract»

## Aims & Scope

The Journal of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) contains articles published between 1924 and 1930. Contents are devoted to the advancement of theory and practice of electrical engineering and the allied arts and sciences.

This Journal ceased publication in 1930. The current retitled publication is IEEE Spectrum.

Full Aims & Scope