Includes the top 50 most frequently accessed documents for this publication according to the usage statistics for the month of

• ### The Vivaldi aerial

Publication Year: 1981
| | PDF (224 KB)

An aerial having a gain of about 10 dBI with associated sidelobe level of Â¿ 20 dB over an instantaneous frequency bandwidth extending from 2 GHz to 40 GHz has been devised at the Philips Research Laboratories, Redhill. View full abstract»

• ### Electrolytic capacitors: their fabrication and the interpretation of their operational behaviour

Publication Year: 1973, Page(s):421 - 429
| | PDF (1227 KB)

The various stages in the production of an aluminium electrolytic capacitor are outlined and these are then related to the equivalent circuit so as to establish an understanding of the preparation parameters that affect the performance. Particular reference is made to studies undertaken on the effects of etching prior to anodization, the anodization itself, the electrolyte used and the mechanical ... View full abstract»

• ### Matrix analysis applied to transistor amplifier design

Publication Year: 1963, Page(s):107 - 112
| | PDF (498 KB)

The amplifier is treated in terms of h-parameters and the generalized matrix combines passive input and output terminating networks. The exact input and output impedances, current, voltage and power gain are derived and can be applied to transistor amplifiers of any configuration and arbitrary complexity of terminating impedances. View full abstract»

• ### Series-parallel generation of m-sequences

Publication Year: 1975, Page(s):171 - 176
Cited by:  Papers (25)
| | PDF (705 KB)

An equivalence class of machines is identified which generate maximal length sequences as a non-overlapping series of k-bit words. This is achieved at the expense of a k-fold increase in combinational logic but with no increase in the number of storage elements required. View full abstract»

• ### Design considerations for ruze and rotman lenses

Publication Year: 1982, Page(s):181 - 187
Cited by:  Papers (12)
| | PDF (909 KB)

Ruze and Rotman lenses are types of parallel-plate lens which can be used to form multiple beams for antenna arrays. An algebraic analysis is used to relate the different orders of phase aberration to the lens contours, and shows that lenses with zero second- and third-order aberrations can be designed. For a given array length and beam scan angle requirement, the analysis determines the minimum l... View full abstract»

• ### Digital video recording-from theory into practice

Publication Year: 1983, Page(s):115 - 120
| | PDF (823 KB)

This paper first reviews the first seven years history and evolution of digital video recording. Secondly it examines some of the technical issues currently under review by experts within the industry. Consideration is given to the limitations of magnetic recording and the influence these have on the choice of tape format for digital video recording. Finally a review is presented of the experience... View full abstract»

• ### Coherent and non-coherent demodulation of envelope-modulated radio signals. With particular reference to the enhanced-carrier system

Publication Year: 1963, Page(s):65 - 71
| | PDF (765 KB)

The ordinary Â¿linear detectorÂ¿ and the coherent demodulator are briefly discussed as the two extreme cases of demodulators for envelopemodulated signals, since in the former the rectifier (or modulator) is switched by the complete input signal, while in the latter a pure local reference tone is used. The synchrodyne and enhanced-carrier systems are regarded as intermediate cases in which the swi... View full abstract»

• ### Techniques for utilization of hexagonal ferrites in radar absorbers. Part 2: Reduction of radar cross-section of h.f. and v.h.f. wire antennas

Publication Year: 1981, Page(s):219 - 225
Cited by:  Papers (3)
| | PDF (857 KB)

Coatings of hexagonal ferrites on a wire antenna reduce its back-scattering radar cross-sections (r.c.s.) at microwave frequencies without causing significant deterioration of its radiation efficiency at the h.f. and v.h. communication bands. The back-scattering r.c.s. of an infinitely long conducting cylinder coated with a multilayer of hexagonal ferrites is derived and the result modified to tak... View full abstract»

• ### A comparison of five methods of low-pass passive filter design

Publication Year: 1964, Page(s):167 - 180
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (986 KB)

The phase and magnitude characteristics of five network functions, all three-pole approximations to an ideal low-pass filter characteristic, are compared. The functions considered are the Butterworth, Chebyshev, Papoulis Class L, maximally flat delayÂ¿ and in-line poleÂ¿; all of these can be realized with a simple passive circuit. The equations for the pole locations are quoted. Plots of the pol... View full abstract»

• ### An engineering approach to transient response sensitivity

Publication Year: 1984, Page(s):121 - 128
| | PDF (1068 KB)

The historical development of techniques for prediction of transient response sensitivity of SISO feedback control systems to plant changes is reviewed starting with the analogue approach of Tomovic and leading up to the current state of the art. It is shown that for a given transient response performance specification, significant and quantifiable improvement in sensitivity reduction can be achie... View full abstract»

• ### Electrolytic capacitors

Publication Year: 1971
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (3536 KB)

A brief survey is given of aluminium and tantalum electrolytic capacitors. The fundamental behaviour of the dielectrics are discussed particularly with reference to the temperature coefficient of capacitance. It is shown, however, that the fundamental properties are masked by the presence of electrolyte, used to heal the dielectric film during use and to connect to the dielectric when it is deposi... View full abstract»

• ### Radio frequency characteristics of carbon fibre composite materials

Publication Year: 1981, Page(s):505 - 513
| | PDF (1028 KB)

A comprehensive investigation of the r.f. properties of a range of samples of carbon fibre composite materials has been made. These samples were chosen as being representative of those which have been used or are likely to be used in aircraft construction. This paper is in two parts, first the investigations made to determine the electrical resistance characteristics of small samples of CFC materi... View full abstract»

• ### The practical design of interdigital and comb-line filters

Publication Year: 1967, Page(s):39 - 52
Cited by:  Papers (3)
| | PDF (1398 KB)

The design procedures for interdigital and comb-line filters are summarized and the theory of these filters extended to include various aspects of design and performance which are not covered in the literature. The basic design equations are modified to give unified sets of expressions relating the resonator capacitances directly to the filter specification, and the theory of these filters is exte... View full abstract»

• ### A high-gain multimode dielectric-coated rectangular horn antenna

Publication Year: 1978, Page(s):439 - 443
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (413 KB)

A broadband high-gain dielectric-coated horn antenna operating in two orthogonal TE10+TE/TM12 and TE01 + TE/TM21 mode sets to generate circularly polarized elliptical shaped beam is described. The aperture E-field distribution can be tapered by virtue of the higher order TE/TM modes to cause the E-plane far-field beamwidth approximately equal to H-plane beamwidth of the other orthogonal set of mod... View full abstract»

• ### Analysis and control of the permanent-magnet stepper motor

Publication Year: 1971, Page(s):302 - 308
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (779 KB)

A stepper motor has the ability to translate digital signals into angular shaft positions. This paper deals with the dynamic characteristics of a 90Â° permanent magnet motor, when used to switch a load through a sequence of angular steps. The non-linear system equations are derived, and linearized versions of these equations are used to estimate the dynamic response for single-step operation. Mult... View full abstract»

• ### Transistor crystal oscillators and the design of a 1-Mc/s oscillator circuit capable of good frequency stability

Publication Year: 1965, Page(s):229 - 246
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (2075 KB)

The paper describes in detail a two-transistor series-resonance oscillator circuit, in which two point-contact diodes in parallel provide amplitude limitation. No transformer is required. The particular ATcut crystal used has aQ-value of just over 250 000, and the oscillator frequency increases by approximately 1.5 parts in 108per volt increase in the 10 V d.c. supply. By adding a variable-capacit... View full abstract»

• ### Magneto-optic light modulators

Publication Year: 1970, Page(s):302 - 304
Cited by:  Papers (3)
| | PDF (548 KB)

Magneto-optic modulators for near-infra-red radiation (wavelength 1.1 to 5.5 Â¿m) are described. These modulators use the Faraday effect in single crystals of yttrium iron garnet. The modulators operate with low driving voltages and are well suited to transistor drive. The application of yttrium iron garnet as a laser Q-switch is also discussed. View full abstract»

• ### A computer fixed store using light pulses for read-out

Publication Year: 1963
| | PDF (975 KB)

The store has an access time of 20 ns and can be interrogated every 100 ns. Information is stored on a punched card, or photographic matrix, and interrogation is by means of light pulses transmitted along optical systems composed of bunches of fine transparent optical fibres. Calculations show that a particular case is capable of storing 108bits but practical considerations reduce this to 2.5 Ã 1... View full abstract»

• ### Reply: Comments on 'A high-gain multimode dielectric-coated rectangular horn antenna'

Publication Year: 1981
| PDF (126 KB)
• ### A review of automatic gain control theory

Publication Year: 1981, Page(s):579 - 590
Cited by:  Papers (17)
| | PDF (1163 KB)

The paper presents the general theory of automatic gain control (a.g.c). It includes discussions on loop gain, regulation and the relation between loop parameters and output level stability. An equivalent circuit is derived which is used in the study of dynamic behaviour. The work is extended to cover sampled data a.g.c. systems and design guidelines are derived for a variety of situations. View full abstract»

• ### Theory of reflections in a tapered waveguide

Publication Year: 1966, Page(s):245 - 254
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (1041 KB)

The tapered waveguide is regarded as a two-mode system, the modes being the forward and reverse waves. A reflection parameter can be defined, relating the amplitude of the reverse wave generated at a point in the taper to the amplitude of the forward wave at that point. The reflection parameter can be regarded as a coupling parameter between the two modes, and coupled-mode theory can be used to ob... View full abstract»

• ### Use of the transmission-line modelling (t.l.m.) method to solve non-linear lumped networks

Publication Year: 1980, Page(s):59 - 70
Cited by:  Papers (45)
| | PDF (1299 KB)

The transmission-line modelling (t.l.m.) method presents a new approach to the solution of lumped networks by providing discrete models for components. Errors become due to the modelling process only and not due to the approximate solution of an approximate calculus model. The correspondence between stub models and existing implicit methods is shown and the concept of numerical parasitic component... View full abstract»

• ### Z-transforms and their applications in control engineering

Publication Year: 1965, Page(s):53 - 67
| | PDF (1235 KB)

The paper describes the z-transform theory and its application. The background theory is built up in four stages from the continuous convolution integral, through the real-time impulse theory, to the z-transform. It is stressed that, unlike the Laplace transform, the z-transform is only an approximation. Engineering units are used throughout and emphasis is given to the correct representation of t... View full abstract»

• ### Amplitude performance of Ruze and Rotman lenses

Publication Year: 1983, Page(s):329 - 336
Cited by:  Papers (18)
| | PDF (1363 KB)

Ruze and Rotman lenses are devices which can be used to form multiple beams for antenna arrays. A previous paper has shown these lenses can be designed for low-phase aberrations and minimum size. Published work on these lenses has concentrated on phase and largely neglected amplitude performance (except Maybell). Here, a theoretical model is developed which predicts the primary amplitude distribut... View full abstract»

• ### Engineering approach to the design of tapered dielectric-rod and horn antennas

Publication Year: 1972, Page(s):251 - 259
Cited by:  Papers (11)
| | PDF (1203 KB)

The taper profile of optimized dielectric-rod and horn antennas is synthesized as a series of non-interacting planar radiating apertures. The method is semi-empirical, straightforward to apply, enables the dielectric-rod antenna to be satisfactorily optimized and provides a means of evaluating and optimizing a dielectric-horn antenna with variable wall thickness. The optimum profiles are taken as ... View full abstract»

• ### Two-port representation of multi-node networks by matrix partitioning

Publication Year: 1969, Page(s):109 - 116
| | PDF (528 KB)

A unified approach to linear circuit analysis is described which apart from its simplicity reduces the time required for circuit analysis on an undergraduate electronics course. Representation of a network by its indefinite admittance matrix is well established and for a w-node network would result in a n Ã n matrix. Reduction of this matrix to a 2 Ã 2 matrix is described and an easy to memorize... View full abstract»

• ### A radar receiving array with i.f. multiple-beam forming matrix

Publication Year: 1965, Page(s):277 - 290
| | PDF (1906 KB)

The type of radar array outlined in this paper utilizes individual receiving aerials followed by amplifiers and an intermediate-frequency phasing matrix. This matrix simultaneously issues data corresponding to orthogonal aerial lobes covering a wide angular sector. The general principles involved are outlined as well as supporting experimental work and current developments. View full abstract»

• ### Analysis of series regulators as active two-port networks

Publication Year: 1964, Page(s):237 - 243
| | PDF (601 KB)

Regulators for regulated power supplies are here treated as active two-port networks. To characterize the performance, two parameters: the regulation factor R and the internal impedance Zoutare defined for the ideal case of infinite load impedance and zero source impedance of the unregulated side. A general theory is developed and specific circuit arrangements are shown to be particular cases of t... View full abstract»

• ### Early computer developments at Cambridge: The EDSAC

Publication Year: 1975, Page(s):332 - 335
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (2386 KB)

First Page of the Article
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• ### Design of stepped microstrip components

Publication Year: 1978, Page(s):53 - 63
Cited by:  Papers (11)
| | PDF (1042 KB)

The analysis of the impedance step by the mode matching procedure using a waveguide model for the microstrip line yields an explicit design formula for the frequency-dependent equivalent series inductance. The single-section quarter-wavelength transformer is calculated under the assumption of interacting steps. It turns out that in regard to practical design the neighbouring steps can be considere... View full abstract»

• ### Degradation in the efficiency of medium-size parabolic antennas with propagation conditions

Publication Year: 1977, Page(s):529 - 534
| | PDF (677 KB)

The results of a simple, short-term experiment suggest that significant errors may arise in the overall design and costing of a communication system where parabolic antennas are employed at the receiver terminal. Under high signal conditions the relative gains of two parabolic antennas of different diameters are in close agreement with the theoretically predicted value. Under low signal conditions... View full abstract»

• ### The use of a high sensitivity ultrasonic current meter in an oceanographic data acquisition system

Publication Year: 1976, Page(s):617 - 623
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (975 KB)

The paper describes the design of a high performance two-axis ultrasonic current meter and how this sensor has been designed into a general oceanographic data acquisition system with additional sensors for pressure, temperature, salinity, sound velocity and current direction. View full abstract»

• ### The design of low-noise audio-frequency amplifiers

Publication Year: 1968, Page(s):17 - 30
Cited by:  Papers (5)
| | PDF (1737 KB)

This paper contains: (a) an account of the phenomenological theory of noise in linear amplifiers operating from resistive signal sources; (b) a discussion of the noise parameters of bipolar and junction fieldeffect transistors; and (c) examples of how these principles can be applied in practical circuit design for resistive sources. View full abstract»

• ### Design of a staggered-p.r.f. moving target indication filter

Publication Year: 1973, Page(s):689 - 694
Cited by:  Papers (4)
| | PDF (878 KB)

To avoid blind speed phenomena, staggered-p.r.f. m.t.i. systems are used in modern radars for detection of high-speed targets. In this paper a procedure is presented which considers both the effect of filter weights and the interpulse durations. The goal of this procedure is to yield an m.t.i. response with minimum variations in the pass-band and maximum attenuation in the stop-band. View full abstract»

• ### The theory of coupling in a tapered waveguide

Publication Year: 1973, Page(s):751 - 756
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (721 KB)

A theory is given which enables the overall coupling between two modes to be calculatedfor a tapered waveguide, if the coupling factor between the modes, the phase constants of the modes, and the characteristic impedances of the waveguide for the two modes are known at all points along the taper. It is thus restricted to those cases where a characteristic impedance can be defined, i.e. waveguides ... View full abstract»

• ### On the use of delays for wide-band superdirective beam forming in endfire and broadside arrays

Publication Year: 1975, Page(s):451 - 461
| | PDF (1390 KB)

In algebra, the values of a polynomial over a wide span of time can be inferred from its value and that of its derivatives, measured over a very short span of time. Somewhat analogously, closely-spaced measurements, defining the fine structure of the phase and amplitude distribution over a narrow antenna aperture, can provide the information conventionally obtained from a similar number of element... View full abstract»

• ### Design considerations for millimetre wave lens antennas

Publication Year: 1982, Page(s):551 - 558
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (889 KB)

The operational background and some of the possible single and dual lens antenna options for use in a millimetric sensor with approximately 3Â° beamwidth have been examined. A particular single lens antenna design gave a scan of more than Â±3 beamwidths and compatibility with conical scan, beam broadening and monopulse operation. A dual lens antenna design was operated both with a single feed horn... View full abstract»

• ### Three-resonant-mode adjustment of the waveguide circulator

Publication Year: 1972, Page(s):213 - 216
Cited by:  Papers (7)
| | PDF (435 KB)

In its matched condition the scattering matrix eigenvalues of the three-port circulator lie equally spaced on a unit circle. As the frequency is varied these eigenvalues rotate in the complex plane at different speeds and the phase relation between them no longer corresponds to an ideal circulator. This is primarily due to the fact that the reference eigenvalue is normally associated with a nonres... View full abstract»

• ### Maximum gain, mutual coupling and pattern control in array antennas

Publication Year: 1971, Page(s):569 - 572
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (753 KB)

This paper adds the concept of interelement mutual coupling to a previously presented design technique for aerial arrays. With mutual coupling accounted for, one can realistically design electronically scanned arrays of wire elements that have both maximum gain and a number of independent, steerable nulls in the radiation pattern. View full abstract»

• ### A broadband experimental null-steering antenna system for mobile communications

Publication Year: 1978, Page(s):509 - 517
Cited by:  Papers (6)
| | PDF (998 KB)

The paper describes a novel and particularly simple form of null-steering antenna suitable for the base station of a mobile communication system which is subject to high levels of directional interference. The antenna provides omnidirectional coverage in the horizontal plane and has the facility of introducing a directional null which may be electronically steered through 360Â° of azimuth. This ca... View full abstract»

• ### A sonar aid to enhance spatial perception of the blind: engineering design and evaluation

Publication Year: 1974, Page(s):605 - 627
Cited by:  Papers (43)
| | PDF (3200 KB)

The design of an air sonar device with a new form of binaural display is described which aids the blind in perceiving their environment. Some of the limitations of knowledge of human perception and the influence this has on a specification for the device are discussed. Inherent limitations in the binaural aid both in terms of technology development and performance are also explained. The paper des... View full abstract»

• ### A true i.f. logarithmic amplifier using twin-gain stages

Publication Year: 1966, Page(s):149 - 155
Cited by:  Papers (5)
| | PDF (682 KB)

A true i.f. logarithmic amplifier is described which avoids the successive detection principle and its associated video delay line. Each stage comprises a pair of long-tailed pairs in a complementary role. Transistors are used throughout but `bottomingÂ¿ is avoided, and bandwidth variations are negligible. A dynamic range of about 100 dB is possible. A video output may be derived if desired from a... View full abstract»

• ### Design for a multi-input binary adder

Publication Year: 1970, Page(s):77 - 80
| | PDF (403 KB)

The need often arises in digital systems for a fast multi-input adder capable of adding together n distinct serial binary numbers. The normal design method is to employ a parallel-series configuration of 2-input synchronous adders. It is shown how the overall speed of a multi-input adder may be enhanced using a 3-input adder stage. A circuit is described using cascaded 2- and 3-input synchronous a... View full abstract»

• ### An integrated marine radar system

Publication Year: 1963, Page(s):157 - 172
| | PDF (3296 KB)

Fault records on a particular marine navigational radar are analysed to determine the probability of successful performance over a given interval. This indicates that certain units are much less prone to failure than others. The duplication of equipment to give greater reliability is examined, and it is shown that from the reliability point of view it is more efficient to duplicate only the least ... View full abstract»

• ### A survey of methods for digitally encoding speech signals

Publication Year: 1982, Page(s):267 - 276
| | PDF (1477 KB)

Modern communications systems are increasingly using digital transmission, at various digit rates, for the many advantages thereby obtained. there are many methods that can be used for converting analogue speech signals to digital form. the aim is to produce very good speech quality using simple equipment at a low digit rate, but any application inevitably involves choosing the appropriate comprom... View full abstract»

• ### Multipliers of delta-sigma sequences

Publication Year: 1981, Page(s):281 - 286
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (1204 KB)

Multipliers of two delta-sigma sequences are proposed in this paper. These multipliers are very simple in circuitry and provide the product in delta-sigma sequence form, permitting simple further processing. The multipliers were constructed and their performance was experimentally measured. It was found that a certain type of multiplier with a relatively simple circuitry, provides a high signal to... View full abstract»

• ### Transistor abnormalities as revealed by current-voltage characteristics

Publication Year: 1969, Page(s):251 - 268
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (2335 KB)

The examination of a suspect transistor to determine its mode of degradation or failure always includes, at an early stage, checks on its junction and transistor characteristics, usually with the aid of a visual display on a curve tracer. This paper discusses the diagnostic significance of some of the abnormalities which may be observed on such displays. View full abstract»

• ### A digital high-frequency multipath propagation simulator

Publication Year: 1977, Page(s):305 - 314
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (1208 KB)

A digital h.f. multipath propagation simulator is described which can be applied to communications receiver and modulation techniques evaluation and operator training. It can also be applied to a variety of applications in the high-frequency field where programmable and repeatable ionospheric conditions require simulation. Simultaneous communications paths are simulated, four of which exhibit inde... View full abstract»

• ### Phased array radar systems

Publication Year: 1964, Page(s):331 - 339
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (2489 KB)

Phased array systems provide a number of features which make them particularly suitable for long range, high target density, radar applications such as satellite tracking and space surveillance. These include long-range detection capability, high transmitted power, inertialess electronic beam steering, multiple receiving-beam capability, high reliability and extreme flexibility. Basic principles o... View full abstract»

• ### Medical Electronics

Publication Year: 1975, Page(s):617 - 622
| | PDF (1178 KB)

The application of electronics to medicine did not follow an expected course of being delayed somewhat upon original technological developments. Instead, apart from specific applications, the subject found no general application until the value of electronics in radar and communications had been clearly demonstrated. Thus the main impetus came with a delay approaching fifty years so that the medic... View full abstract»

## Aims & Scope

Published from 1963 to February 1964 by the British Institution of Radio Engineers and from March 1964 to 1984 by the the Institution of Electronic and Radio Engineers, The Radio and Electronic Engineer published papers describing original research and development in all branches of electronic engineering, as well as critical and interpretive surveys. Short contributions dealing with device technology, circuit techniques and experimental methods were also included.

Full Aims & Scope