By Topic

# IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation

## Filter Results

Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 44

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):C1 - 921
| PDF (45 KB)
• ### IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation publication information

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s): C2
| PDF (43 KB)
• ### Single-Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna With Switchable Polarization

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):922 - 926
Cited by:  Papers (83)
| | PDF (430 KB) | HTML

A single-fed reconfigurable microstrip antenna that can provide various polarization diversities is presented in this paper. The antenna is excited by a microstrip feed line through aperture coupling. When two PIN diodes are used to respectively reconfigure the coupling slot and the open stub of the feed line, the polarization of the microstrip antenna can be switched between vertical and horizont... View full abstract»

• ### Improved Formulation for Investigation of Proximity-Coupled Microstrip Antenna in Homogeneous Dielectric Half Space

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):927 - 932
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (271 KB) | HTML

Analytical evaluation of asymptotic part of the Green's function, in product with piece-wise sinusoidal, entire domain, and travelling wave mode basis functions, is presented. The Sommerfeld type double integral in spectral domain is solved and reduced into a single integral in spatial domain with very short integration range. The derived results lead to develop a computational efficiency improved... View full abstract»

• ### Extrapolation of Time and Frequency Responses of Resonant Antennas Using Damped Sinusoids and Orthogonal Polynomials

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):933 - 943
Cited by:  Papers (7)
| | PDF (1349 KB) | HTML

An extrapolation technique is presented which reduces the computational demands of obtaining a wideband electromagnetic response from a resonant antenna using traditional computational electromagnetic methods. It has been shown that a wideband response can be extrapolated by fitting early-time and low-frequency data with a summation of orthogonal polynomials. However, representing responses charac... View full abstract»

• ### A Frequency Tuning Method for a Planar Inverted-F Antenna

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):944 - 950
Cited by:  Papers (38)  |  Patents (3)
| | PDF (1525 KB) | HTML

A novel method is presented for electrically tuning the frequency of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). A tuning circuit, comprising an RF switch and discrete passive components, has been completely integrated into the antenna element, which is thus free of dc wires. The proposed tuning method has been demonstrated with a dual-band PIFA capable of operating in four frequency bands. The antenna co... View full abstract»

• ### Resonant Meta-Surface Superstrate for Single and Multifrequency Dipole Antenna Arrays

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):951 - 960
Cited by:  Papers (20)
| | PDF (2367 KB) | HTML

The design of a multifrequency dipole antenna array based on a resonant meta-surface superstrate is proposed. The behavior of a single element that is closely placed to a meta-surface is experimentally investigated. The proposed meta-surface is based on resonating unit cells formed by capacitively loaded strips and split ring resonators. By tuning a dipole antenna to the pass band of the meta-surf... View full abstract»

• ### Inverse Source Problem in the Spheroidal Geometry: Vector Formulation

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):961 - 969
Cited by:  Papers (5)
| | PDF (1005 KB) | HTML

A formulation based on Lagrangian optimization and spheroidal vector wave functions is presented for the vector electromagnetic inverse source problem of deducing a time-harmonic current distribution that is confined within a spheroidal volume, that generates a prescribed radiation field, and that is subject to given constraints on the source functional energy, which characterizes antenna current ... View full abstract»

• ### A New Look at Reciprocity and Energy Conservation Theorems in Electromagnetics

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):970 - 975
Cited by:  Papers (4)
| | PDF (237 KB) | HTML

The intimate relationship is discussed between linear vector space concepts, the reciprocity theorem, and the energy conservation theorem in electromagnetics. It shows that these theorems can be derived using nonconventional methods. The reciprocity theorem can be derived by designing symmetric operators. The Lorentz reciprocity theorem can be derived by augmenting the operator with an extra term ... View full abstract»

• ### Vector Potentials in Simply Structured Spaces

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):976 - 980
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (219 KB) | HTML

The results obtained in a previous paper are extended from bounded to unbounded spaces. To do so, a new term, simply structured, is introduced. The result is as follows. In a simply structured space, whether it is bounded or unbounded, a piecewise smooth divergence-free vector function of position is the curl of another vector function of position called a vector potential. With this extension, it... View full abstract»

• ### Machine Precision Evaluation of Singular and Nearly Singular Potential Integrals by Use of Gauss Quadrature Formulas for Rational Functions

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):981 - 998
Cited by:  Papers (41)
| | PDF (2052 KB) | HTML

A new technique for machine precision evaluation of singular and nearly singular potential integrals with 1/R singularities is presented. The numerical quadrature scheme is based on a new rational expression for the integrands, obtained by a cancellation procedure. In particular, by using library routines for Gauss quadrature of rational functions readily available in the literature, this new expr... View full abstract»

• ### An Iteration-Free MoM Approach Based on Excitation Independent Characteristic Basis Functions for Solving Large Multiscale Electromagnetic Scattering Problems

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):999 - 1007
Cited by:  Papers (88)
| | PDF (826 KB) | HTML

We describe a numerically efficient strategy for solving a linear system of equations arising in the Method of Moments for solving electromagnetic scattering problems. This novel approach, termed as the characteristic basis function method (CBFM), is based on utilizing characteristic basis functions (CBFs)-special functions defined on macro domains (blocks)-that include a relatively large number o... View full abstract»

• ### Frequency-Independent Scattering From a Flat Strip With ${rm TE}_{z}$-Polarized Fields

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1008 - 1016
Cited by:  Papers (10)
| | PDF (711 KB) | HTML

The surface current for scattering from a PEC strip naturally decomposes into three slowly varying functions modulating rapidly oscillating phase factors. We exploit this structure to derive a numerical solution that is error-controllable and exhibits a bounded error over the full range of frequencies. Frequency independence is obtained by expanding the current in terms of slowly-varying amplitude... View full abstract»

• ### Conformal Perfectly Matched Layer for the Mixed Finite Element Time-Domain Method

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1017 - 1026
Cited by:  Papers (24)
| | PDF (1022 KB) | HTML

We introduce a conformal perfectly matched layer (PML) for the finite-element time-domain (FETD) solution of transient Maxwell equations in open domains. The conformal PML is implemented in a mixed FETD setting based on a direct discretization of the first-order coupled Maxwell curl equations (as opposed to the second-order vector wave equation) that employs edge elements (Whitney 1-form) to expan... View full abstract»

• ### A General Three-Dimensional Tensor FDTD-Formulation for Electrically Inhomogeneous Lossy Media Using the Z-Transform

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1027 - 1040
Cited by:  Papers (3)
| | PDF (800 KB) | HTML

A general three-dimensional tensor finite-difference time-domain (TFDTD) formulation is derived to model electrically inhomogeneous lossy media of arbitrary shapes. The time domain representation of electric losses is achieved using Z-transforms. The regular cubical grid structure is maintained everywhere in the calculation domain by defining a 3-D face-fraction based 3 x 3 permittivity tensor on ... View full abstract»

• ### Analysis of Radiated Fields for the Design of a RJ45 Connector Using FDTD Method

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1041 - 1047
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (874 KB) | HTML

The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is successfully used to calculate the electric fields radiated from a prototype of a RJ45 connector for Ethernet transmission. Simulation results of the electric fields radiated from the prototype of this RJ45 connector are validated by measurement data for vertical and horizontal polarizations in 300 ~ 1000 MHz frequency range. It is also found that... View full abstract»

• ### A Coherent Model of Forest Propagation— Application to Detection and Localization of Targets Using the DORT Method

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1048 - 1057
Cited by:  Papers (15)
| | PDF (1628 KB) | HTML

We study the propagation of electromagnetic fields in forest media in a frequency band between 100 and 300 MHz. We develop an exact coherent model in order to compute the electromagnetic field of a received wave after multiple scattering from the elements of the medium, in and outside the forest. We propose simplifications for the model of the forest and approximations for the electromagnetic meth... View full abstract»

• ### Tracking Refractivity from Clutter Using Kalman and Particle Filters

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1058 - 1070
Cited by:  Papers (47)
| | PDF (2132 KB) | HTML

We address the problem of tracking the spatial and temporal lower atmospheric variations in maritime environments. The evolution of the range and height-dependent index of refraction is tracked using the sea clutter return from sea-borne radars operating in the region. A split-step fast Fourier transform based parabolic equation approximation to the wave equation is used to compute the clutter ret... View full abstract»

• ### Propagation Over Clutter: Physical Stochastic Model

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1071 - 1077
Cited by:  Papers (12)  |  Patents (1)
| | PDF (652 KB) | HTML

Propagation of radio signals from a base above clutter, such as buildings and trees, to a mobile immersed in clutter is treated theoretically by accounting for random diffuse scattering at the mobile. Small-scale fading and distance-dependent loss are treated in a unified way, as opposed to the heuristic methodologies, which formulate them as separate factors. Closed form expressions are derived f... View full abstract»

• ### Elevation Dependent Shadowing Model for Mobile Communications via High Altitude Platforms in Built-Up Areas

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1078 - 1084
Cited by:  Papers (46)
| | PDF (418 KB) | HTML

An empirical propagation prediction model is described for mobile communications from high altitude platforms (HAPs) in different types of built-up areas. The model introduced here is defined as a function of the angle of elevation. The target frequencies are selected from the 2 to 6 GHz frequency band prospective for 3G and 4G mobile systems, namely at 2.0,3.5, and 5.5 GHz. This new HAP model rec... View full abstract»

• ### Cumulative Fading and Rainfall Distributions for a 2.1 km, 38 GHz, Vertically Polarized, Line-of-Sight Link

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1085 - 1093
Cited by:  Papers (1)
| | PDF (1352 KB) | HTML

Between February 1,1997 and January 31,1998, a 2.1 km vertically polarized 38 GHz communications link was studied in the subtropical city of Brisbane, Australia. According to the current ITU fading prediction method the link would be expected to experience a rainfall intensity of approximately 50 mm/h for 52.6 min during the year, when averaged over a 60 s integration time. This should have caused... View full abstract»

• ### Generation of Attenuation Time Series for Simulation Purposes Starting From ITALSAT Measurements

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1094 - 1102
Cited by:  Papers (5)
| | PDF (568 KB) | HTML

A model is presented that extends the applicability of the propagation data collected during a long measurements campaign in a particular site and for a particular radiolink, to a generic link in a generic site. In fact, the objective of the model is to create a set of attenuation time series to be used in the design of advanced TLC systems. The model assumes that the marked differences of the rai... View full abstract»

• ### Scattering Properties of the Ocean Surface: The Miller–Brown–Vegh Model Revisited

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1103 - 1109
Cited by:  Papers (5)
| | PDF (214 KB) | HTML

We review the model of Miller-Brown-Vegh (MBV) that is commonly used to describe scattering from the ocean surface. The model has been built on two essential elements: the Kirchhoff approximation and an assumption regarding the probability distribution of the ocean surface elevations. A comparison with theoretical results preceeding the MBV model as well as with experimental data suggest that the ... View full abstract»

• ### On the Diffusion of Electromagnetic Waves and Applicability of Diffusion Equation to Multipath Random Media

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1110 - 1121
Cited by:  Papers (2)
| | PDF (598 KB) | HTML

The diffusion behavior of electromagnetic (EM) waves in two dimensional (2-D) multipath media is studied through integral equation based full wave Monte Carlo simulations. The influences of some physical factors are explored, among which the area density of the embedded obstacles manifests itself to be the most important one in determining wave diffusion. A lossy system starts to behave diffusivel... View full abstract»

• ### A Novel Hierarchical Two-Level Spectral Preconditioning Technique for Electromagnetic Wave Scattering

Publication Year: 2008, Page(s):1122 - 1132
Cited by:  Papers (18)
| | PDF (820 KB) | HTML

A new set of higher order hierarchical basis functions based on curvilinear triangular patch is proposed for expansion of the current in electrical field integral equations solved by method of moments. The hierarchical two-level spectral preconditioning technique is developed for the generalized minimal residual iterative method, in which the multilevel fast multipole method is used to accelerate ... View full abstract»

## Aims & Scope

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation includes theoretical and experimental advances in antennas.

Full Aims & Scope

## Meet Our Editors

Editor-in-Chief                                             Danilo Erricolo