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# IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers

### Early Access Articles

Early Access articles are made available in advance of the final electronic or print versions. Early Access articles are peer reviewed but may not be fully edited. They are fully citable from the moment they appear in IEEE Xplore.

## Filter Results

Displaying Results 1 - 25 of 143
• ### The Impact of LO Phase Noise in N-Path Filters

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (4341 KB)

As passive mixers (N-path filters) are being used more frequently and in more applications, it becomes increasingly important to understand how various non-idealities affect the performance of passive mixer circuits. One such non-ideality is perturbations in the local oscillator (LO), including phase noise. Here, we consider a basic N-path filter and develop a preliminary model to analyze the effe... View full abstract»

• ### Phase-Noise Reduction in a CMOS-MEMS Oscillator Under Nonlinear MEMS Operation

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 9
| | PDF (3294 KB)

In this paper, we will present an all-CMOS oscillator based on monolithically integrated MEMS resonators fabricated from the VIA layer (tungsten) of a 0.35 μm CMOS technology process. With this CMOS MEMS closed-loop system, the nonlinear MEMS frequency response due to the electrostatic actuation has been reconstructed. Using a phase-controlled closed-loop the frequency stability of the self... View full abstract»

• ### An Efficient Digital Background Control for Hybrid Transformer-Based Receivers

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 13
| | PDF (4017 KB)

The design and hardware implementation of a digital control system tailored to a hybrid transformer-based duplexer is proposed. Working at Nyquist sampling frequency, it finds the optimal transmit-receive isolation in about 150 μs even when modulated signals with high PAPR (16-QAM) are transmitted. A simple tracking algorithm, operating in background, preserves this condition over time. Uni... View full abstract»

• ### TIME--Tunable Inductors Using MEmristors

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 11
| | PDF (2226 KB)

Memristors have proven to be an attractive feature for memory, logic-in-memory, and neuromorphic computing. Recently, radio-frequency memristive switches (RFMSs) have exhibited promising high-frequency performance, opening the possibility of their use in radio-frequency integrated circuit applications. In this paper, we present two novel topologies of Tunable Inductors using MEmristors, the memris... View full abstract»

• ### VLSI Designs for Joint Channel Estimation and Data Detection in Large SIMO Wireless Systems

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 13
| | PDF (2412 KB)

Channel estimation errors have a critical impact on the reliability of wireless communication systems. While virtually all existing wireless receivers separate channel estimation from data detection, it is well known that joint channel estimation and data detection (JED) significantly outperforms conventional methods at the cost of high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a novel J... View full abstract»

• ### Real-Time Depth From Focus on a Programmable Focal Plane Processor

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 10
| | PDF (3053 KB)

Visual input can be used to recover the 3-D structure of a scene by estimating distances (depth) to the observer. Depth estimation is performed in various applications, such as robotics, autonomous driving, or surveillance. We present a low-power, compact, passive, and static imaging system that computes a semi-dense depth map in real time for a wide range of depths. This is achieved by using a fo... View full abstract»

• ### Cooperative Output Regulation of Singular Multi-Agent Systems Under Switching Network by Standard Reduction

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 9
| | PDF (969 KB)

The cooperative output regulation problem for singular multi-agent systems subject to static networks was studied recently under the assumption that each follower system satisfies the standard assumption. In this paper, we further study the same problem for singular multi-agent systems subject to jointly connected switching networks. First, by introducing a static output feedback control, we remov... View full abstract»

• ### An Architecture to Accelerate Convolution in Deep Neural Networks

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (3551 KB)

In the past few years, the demand for real-time hardware implementations of deep neural networks (DNNs), especially convolutional neural networks (CNNs), has dramatically increased, thanks to their excellent performance on a wide range of recognition and classification tasks. When considering real-time action recognition and video/image classification systems, latency is of paramount importance. T... View full abstract»

• ### Anomaly Detection in Moving-Camera Video Sequences Using Principal Subspace Analysis

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 13
| | PDF (3013 KB)

This paper presents a family of algorithms based on sparse decompositions that detect anomalies in video sequences obtained from slow moving cameras. These algorithms start by computing the union of subspaces that best represents all the frames from a reference (anomaly free) video as a low-rank projection plus a sparse residue. Then, they perform a low-rank representation of a target (possibly an... View full abstract»

• ### An Analogue Neuromorphic Co-Processor That Utilizes Device Mismatch for Learning Applications

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 11
| | PDF (2901 KB) |  Media

As the integrated circuit (IC) technology advances into smaller nanometre feature sizes, a fixed-error noise known as device mismatch is introduced owing to the dissimilarity between transistors, and this degrades the accuracy of analog circuits. In this paper, we present an analog co-processor that uses this fixed-pattern noise to its advantage to perform complex computation. This circuit is an e... View full abstract»

• ### Unified Digital Modulation Techniques for DC-DC Converters Over a Wide Operating Range: Implementation, Modeling, and Design Guidelines

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 12
| | PDF (4081 KB)

It is essential to retain improved efficiency in a dc-dc converter over a wide load current range to extend the battery-life in portable devices. This requires a multi-mode controller, consisting of pulse-width-modulation (PWM) and pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) schemes. However, existing approaches attempt to integrate structurally different controllers; thus it is difficult to achieve a seamle... View full abstract»

• ### Analysis of the Effect of Source Capacitance and Inductance on $N$-Path Mixers and Filters

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 12
| | PDF (2501 KB)

Switch R-C passive N-path mixers and filters enable interference-robust radio receivers with a flexibly programmable center frequency defined by a digital multi-phase clock. The radio frequency (RF) range of these circuits is limited by parasitic shunt capacitances, which introduce signal loss and degrade noise figure. Moreover, the linear periodically time varying nature of switch R-C circuits re... View full abstract»

• ### An RF-Powered Wireless Temperature Sensor for Harsh Environment Monitoring With Non-Intermittent Operation

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (5255 KB)

This paper presents a fully integrated RF-powered temperature sensor with non-intermittent operation. The sensor is powered up wirelessly from a 915-MHz incident signal using a power-efficient RF energy harvester, uses a subthreshold ring oscillator that produces a highly temperature-dependent oscillation frequency acting as a temperature-to-frequency converter, and finally transfers the frequency... View full abstract»

• ### Picowatt, 0.45-0.6 V Self-Biased Subthreshold CMOS Voltage Reference

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 11
| | PDF (2451 KB)

In this paper, a self-biased temperature-compensated CMOS voltage reference operating at picowatt-level power consumption is presented. The core of the proposed circuit is the self-cascode MOSFET (SCM) and two variants are explored: a self-biased SCM (SBSCM) and a self-biased NMOS (SBNMOS) voltage reference. Power consumption and silicon area are remarkably reduced by combining subthreshold operat... View full abstract»

• ### A Sub-10 mV Power Converter With Fully Integrated Self-Start, MPPT, and ZCS Control for Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (4255 KB)

An inductive power converter for thermoelectric generator (TEG) is presented in this paper. A novel redundant inverter ring oscillator is proposed to self-oscillate in a very low supply voltage down to 45 mV. An additional self-start assist circuit with a differential clock booster and an exponential charge pump is implemented in the power converter to achieve lower self-start voltage. Boundary co... View full abstract»

• ### Improving Time-Efficiency of Fault-Coverage Simulation for MOS Analog Circuit

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 11
| | PDF (1498 KB)

In analog fault simulation, the number one challenge is that simulation time could grow rapidly and become prohibitive as the circuit size becomes large. This paper proposes a systematic method to significantly improve the time efficiency in estimating the fault coverage for analog fault simulation. In the proposed method, a circuit under test (CUT) is first partitioned into independent sub-circui... View full abstract»

• ### Auto-Erasable RRAM Architecture Secured Against Physical and Firmware Attacks

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 10
| | PDF (3747 KB)

Every year, smarter and more complex attacks compromise electronic systems. Unauthorized access to the secure keys stored within nonvolatile memories is a concerning problem affecting secure applications. This paper presents an RRAM architecture secured against firmware and physical attacks. If a hack attempt occurs, and taking advantage of the threshold behavior of fast RRAM devices, this solutio... View full abstract»

• ### CIPRNG: A VLSI Family of Chaotic Iterations Post-Processings for F₂-Linear Pseudorandom Number Generation Based on Zynq MPSoC

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (2283 KB)

Hardware pseudorandom number generators are continuously improved to satisfy both physical and ubiquitous computing security system challenges. The main contribution of this paper is to propose two post-processing modules in hardware, to improve the randomness of linear PRNGs while succeeding in passing the TestU01 statistical battery of tests. They are based on chaotic iterations and are denoted ... View full abstract»

• ### Wave-Based Analysis of Large Nonlinear Photovoltaic Arrays

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (2985 KB)

In this paper, a novel analysis method based on wave digital (WD) principles is presented. The method is employed for modeling and efficiently simulating large photovoltaic (PV) arrays under partial shading conditions. The WD method allows rapid exploration of the current-voltage curve at the load of the PV array, given: the irradiation pattern, the nonlinear PV unit model (e.g., exponential junct... View full abstract»

• ### A Low-Overhead Dynamic TCAM With Pipelined Read-Restore Refresh Scheme

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 22
| | PDF (4193 KB)

Hardware search using content addressable memory (CAM) produces the fastest upshot but takes larger design area and consumes relatively high power. Dynamic CAM certainly is an alternative to resolve these issues, but the slower search speed and void of ternary approach act as primary design constraints. A fully ternary dynamic storage is presented for high density and low leakage associative memor... View full abstract»

• ### Brushing Up on the Urbanek Black Box Arc Model

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 9
| | PDF (1221 KB)

We reconsider the black box model by Urbanek of electric-arc in air-blast circuit breakers or in circuit breakers characterized by an electro-negative gas (e.g., SF₆) as quenching medium. It has the unique characteristic to account for the dielectric breakdown that possibly reignites the arc. We show some of its main features that have been almost hidden from the first publication of the mo... View full abstract»

• ### Power-Handling Capacity and Nonlinearity Analysis for Distributed Electronic Impedance Synthesizer

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 9
| | PDF (3777 KB)

With advantages of small size, light weight, and fast tuning capability, electronic impedance synthesizer (EIS) presents game-changing opportunities for industry. However, their widely acceptance is still restrained by the understanding of power-handling capacity and linearity issues. This work addresses both issues through the development of a voltage distribution theory which enables simulating ... View full abstract»

• ### Expected Value and Variance of the Indirect Time-of-Flight Measurement With Dead Time Afflicted Single-Photon Avalanche Diodes

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 12
| | PDF (2458 KB)

Indirect time-of-flight (TOF) measurement with single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) is performed by counting incident photons in several time windows. Since SPADs exhibit dead time not all incident photons can be counted within a given time window. This affects the expected values and, hence, the variance of the distance measurement. For photon detection rates close to the inverse of the dead ti... View full abstract»

• ### Analysis and Design of a Ripple Reduction Chopper Bandpass Amplifier

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 11
| | PDF (3616 KB)

A low-power low-noise chopper amplifier for biosensor applications is proposed. To tackle the inherent ripple artifacts, it employs a simple ripple reduction method using a bandpass amplifier. The chopper amplifier is a linear periodic time-varying system. The method of harmonic transfer matrix is used to derive the signal and the noise harmonic transfer functions, and the theoretical results are ... View full abstract»

• ### Design and Analysis of Energy-Efficient Single-Pulse Piezoelectric Energy Harvester and Power Management IC for Battery-Free Wireless Remote Switch Applications

Publication Year: 2017, Page(s):1 - 14
| | PDF (6000 KB)

This paper presents a piezoelectric-based power management solution for battery-free wireless remote switches (BWSs). The proposed BWS IC, including a piezoelectric (PE) energy harvester and a buck converter, can collect the energy generated by a single PE-button press, and then supply that energy to a wireless transmitter to send a message. By combining a rectifier using the synchronized switch h... View full abstract»

## Aims & Scope

The theory, analysis, design, and practical implementations of circuits, and the application of circuit techniques to systems and to signal processing.

Full Aims & Scope

## Meet Our Editors

Editor-in-Chief
Andreas Demosthenous
Dept. Electronic & Electrical Engineering
University College London
London WC1E 7JE, UK