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Semiautomatic 3-D image registration as applied to interventional MRI liver cancer treatment
Carrillo, A. Duerk, J.L. Lewin, J.S. Wilson, D.L.
Dept. of Biomed. Eng., Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, OH, USA;

This paper appears in: Medical Imaging, IEEE Transactions on
Publication Date: March 2000
Volume: 19, Issue: 3
On page(s): 175-185
Location: Davis, CA, USA,
ISSN: 0278-0062
References Cited: 33
CODEN: ITMID4
INSPEC Accession Number: 6624552
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/42.845176
Current Version Published: 2002-08-06

Abstract
The authors evaluated semiautomatic, voxel-based registration methods for a new application, the assessment and optimization of interventional magnetic resonance imaging (I-MRI) guided thermal ablation of liver cancer. The abdominal images acquired on a low-field-strength, open I-MRI system contain noise, motion artifacts, and tissue deformation. Dissimilar images can be obtained as a result of different MRI acquisition techniques and/or changes induced by treatments. These features challenge a registration algorithm. The authors evaluated one manual and four automated methods on clinical images acquired before treatment, immediately following treatment, and during several follow-up studies. Images were T2-weighted, T1-weighted Gd-DTPA enhanced, T1-weighted, and short-inversion-time inversion recovery (STIR). Registration accuracy was estimated from distances between anatomical landmarks. Mutual information gave better results than entropy, correlation, and variance of gray-scale ratio. Preprocessing steps such as masking and an initialization method that used two-dimensional (2-D) registration to obtain initial transformation estimates were crucial. With proper preprocessing, automatic registration was successful with all image pairs having reasonable image quality. A registration accuracy of /spl ap/3 mm was achieved with both manual and mutual information methods. Despite motion and deformation in the liver, mutual information registration is sufficiently accurate and robust for useful applications in I-MRT thermal ablation therapy.

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