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Pipelining saturated accumulation
Papadantonakis, K.   Kapre, N.   Chan, S.   DeHon, A.  
Dept. of Comput. Sci., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, CA;

This paper appears in: Field-Programmable Technology, 2005. Proceedings. 2005 IEEE International Conference on
Publication Date: 11-14 Dec. 2005
On page(s): 19-26
Location: Singapore,
ISBN: 0-7803-9407-0
INSPEC Accession Number: 8825611
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/FPT.2005.1568519
Current Version Published: 2006-01-10

Abstract
Aggressive pipelining allows FPGAs to achieve high throughput on many digital signal processing applications. However, cyclic data dependencies in the computation can limit pipelining and reduce the efficiency and speed of an FPGA implementation. Saturated accumulation is an important example where such a cycle limits the throughput of signal processing applications. We show how to reformulate saturated addition as an associative operation so that we can use a parallel prefix calculation to perform saturated accumulation at any data rate supported by the device. This allows us, for example, to design a 16-bit saturated accumulator which can operate at 280MHz on a Xilinx Spartan-3 (XC3S-5000-4), the maximum frequency supported by the component's DCM

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