Accelerating System-Level Design Tasks Using Commodity Graphics Hardware: A Case Study

Many system-level design tasks (e.g. timing analysis, hardware/software partitioning and design space exploration) involve computational kernels that are intractable (usually NP-hard). As a result, they involve high running times even for mid-sized problems. In this paper we explore the possibility of using commodity graphics processing units (GPUs) to accelerate such tasks that commonly arise in the electronic design automation (EDA) domain. We demonstrate this idea via a detailed case study on a general hardware/software design space exploration problem and propose a GPU-based engine for it. Not only does this problem commonly arise in the embedded systems domain, its computational kernel turns out to be a general combinatorial optimization problem (viz. the knapsack problem) which lies at the heart of several EDA applications. Our experimental results show that our GPU-based implementation offers very attractive speedups for this computational kernel (up to 100times), and speedups of up to 17times for the full problem. In contrast to ASIC/FPGA-based accelerators - since even low-end desktop and notebook computers are today equipped with GPUs - our solution involves no extra hardware cost. Although recent research has shown the benefits of using GPUs for a variety of non-graphics applications (e.g. in databases and bioinformatics), hardly any work has been done on harnessing the parallelism of GPUs to accelerate problems from the EDA domain. We hope that our results and the generality of the problem we address will motivate researchers from this community to explore the possibility of using GPUs for a wider variety of problems from the EDA domain.

I. Introduction

Many system-level design tasks arising within electronic design automation (EDA), such as hardware/software co-design and schedulability analysis, involve one or more computationally expensive cores. In a typical iterative design flow, system designers repeatedly invoke design tools which run these computational cores as a part of their backend. Hence, the running times of these tools which often are in the tune of several hours critically impact their usability. In this paper we explore the possibility of using commodity graphics processing units (GPUs) to accelerate these computational kernels, and thereby improve the running time and usability of the design tools that use them.