VLSI Potentiostat Array With Oversampling Gain Modulation for Wide-Range Neurotransmitter Sensing
Stanacevic, M.
Murari, K.
Rege, A.
Cauwenberghs, G.
Thakor, N.V.
Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Stony Brook Univ., NY;
This paper appears in: Biomedical Circuits and Systems, IEEE Transactions on
Publication Date: March 2007
Volume: 1,
Issue: 1
On page(s): 63-72
ISSN: 1932-4545
INSPEC Accession Number: 9436763
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/TBCAS.2007.893176
Current Version Published: 2007-07-02
Abstract
A 16-channel current-measuring very large-scale integration (VLSI) sensor array system for highly sensitive electrochemical detection of electroactive neurotransmiters like dopamine and nitric-oxide is presented. Each channel embeds a current integrating potentiostat within a switched-capacitor first-order single-bit delta-sigma modulator implementing an incremental analog-to-digital converter. The duty-cycle modulation of current feedback in the delta-sigma loop together with variable oversampling ratio provide a programmable digital range selection of the input current spanning over six orders of magnitude from picoamperes to microamperes. The array offers 100-fA input current sensitivity at 3.4-muW power consumption per channel. The operation of the 3 mm times3 mm chip fabricated in 0.5-mum CMOS technology is demonstrated with real-time multichannel acquisition of neurotransmitter concentration
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