Voltage and Current-Mode Control for a Buck-Converter based on Measured Integral Values of Voltage and Current Implemented in FPGA

This paper describes a complete digitally controlled dc–dc buck converter performed by field-programmable gate array (FPGA) circuitry. The voltage and current-mode control is based on a voltage control oscillator (VCO) performed measurements regarding output-voltage and inductor current, respectively. This measurement principle also uses digital-counters (digital-integrators) in order to obtain integral values for the output-voltage and inductor current. In analog current-mode control, the instantaneous inductor current-value-measurement is used for the switching action. When the VCO is used for the inductor current measurement, the integral is measured during the switching-on time set as an observation interval and the switching action occurs based on this measurement. Such a principle enables full digitalization of the voltage- and current-control loop and also the used measurement principle is capable of rejecting the switching disturbances during current and voltage measurements. All the tasks for current and voltage control were implemented within the FPGA. The algorithm was verified by simulation and experimentation at a switching-frequency of
$\hbox{25 }$
kHz.