Middleware solutions in WSN: The IoT oriented approach in the ICSI project

A large number of middleware solutions targeted to wireless sensor networks have been deployed during the years with the aim of bridging the gap between the high level requirements of the applications and the low level hardware complexity. In the paper, a review of state-of-the-art middleware platforms is first presented by highlighting basic design principles and network protocol solutions for next generation middleware targeted to the Internet of Things (IoT) scenario. Then, the general architecture of the middleware to be instantiated within the European project Intelligent Cooperative Sensing for Improved traffic efficiency (ICSI) is presented by detailing its architecture and IoT enabling solutions. The ICSI WSN middleware introduces state-of-the-art advances in IoT middleware design by merging a publish/subscribe model with a virtual machine based design.