3D Ferroelectric-like NVM/CMOS hybrid chip by sub-400 °C sequential layered integration

For the first time, a sequentially processed 3D hybrid chip is demonstrated by stacking low-temperature (LT) Ferroelectric-like (FE-like) metal-oxide nonvolatile memory (NVM) and CMOS. The high-mobility (333 and 113 cm
²
/V-s) and low-subthreshold swing (97 and 112 mV/decade) N/P-type thin film transistors (TFTs) construct stacked inverters showing sharp transfer characteristic as the fundamental element of CMOS array and stacked 3D NVMs. The sequential layered integration is enabled by cutting-edge low thermal-budget plasma/laser processes and self-assembled FE-like metal-oxide materials. The implementation of sub-400
^o
C new-type metal-ion (Eu
⁺³
)-mediated atomic-polar-structured (Eu
⁺³
-APS) dielectric realizes stackable FE-like NVMs with program speed of 100 nanosecond, toward future 3D layered CMOS with giant high-speed data-storage application era.