Designing a Compact-Optimized Planar Dipole Array Antenna

The design of an optimized planar dipole array (OPDA) antenna is presented using particle swarm optimization (PSO), a well-known global optimization method. The planar dipole array (PDA) elements' lengths and widths and the spacing between them were the optimization parameters, and the antenna input's VSWR and gain were optimization goals. In the optimization procedure, the fitness functions were evaluated by FEKO, which is commercial momentum-based software. A significant size reduction was achieved by exerting constraints on the optimization parameters. At the same time, the antenna characteristics, such as gain, bandwidth, and cross-polarization ratio, were not sacrificed in the compact-optimized antenna.