Efficient maximum likelihood DOA estimation for signals with known waveforms in the presence of multipath

We present a large-sample maximum likelihood (ML) algorithm for estimating the directions of arrival (DOA's) and signal amplitudes of known, possibly coherent signals impinging on an array of sensors. The algorithm is an extension of the DEML method of Li et al., that handles coherent multipath that may be present in the signals. The algorithm is computationally efficient because the nonlinear minimization step decouples into a set of minimizations of smaller dimension.