High-quality ISA synthesis for low-power cache designs in embedded microprocessors

Energy efficiency, performance, area, and cost are critical concerns in designing microprocessors for embedded systems, such as portable handheld computing and personal telecommunication devices. This work introduces framework-based instruction set architecture (ISA) synthesis, which reduces code size and energy consumption by tailoring the instruction set to the requirement of a targeted application. This is achieved by replacing the fixed instruction and register decoding of general-purpose embedded processors with programmable decoders that can achieve application-specific processor performance, low energy consumption, and smaller code size while maintaining the fabrication advantages of a mass-produced single-chip solution. Experimental results show that our synthesized instruction set results in significant power reduction in the L1 instruction cache compared with ARM® instructions.