Phase-space reconstruction: a path towards the next generation of nonlinear differential equation based models and its implications towards non-uniform sampling theory

This paper explores the overlaps between the Control community's work on System Identification (SysID) and the Physics, Mathematics, Chaos, and Complexity communities' work on phase-space reconstruction via time-delay embedding. There are numerous overlaps between the goals of each community. Nevertheless, the Controls community can gain new insight as well as some new very powerful tools for SysID from the latest developments within the Physics, Mathematics, Chaos, and Complexity communities. These insights are gained via the work on phase-space reconstruction of non-linear dynamics. New methods for discovering non-linear differential based equations that evolved from embedding operations can shed new light on hybrid-systems theory, Nyquest-Shannon's Theories, and network based control theory. This paper strives to guide the Controls community towards a closer inspection of the tools and additional insights being developed within the Physics, Mathematics, Chaos, and Complexity communities for discovery of system dynamics, the first step in control system development. The paper introduces the concepts of phase-space reconstruction via time-delay embedding (made famous byWhitney, Takens, and Sauer's Thoreoms), intergrate-and-fire embedding, and non-linear differential equation discovery based on Perona's method.