Analytical modeling of token bucket based load transformations

In this paper the innovative approach of load transformation is used to derive valid load models for secondary loads in computer networks, as they can be observed at lower layer interfaces of protocol stacks. We apply the technique of load transformation onto load represented by BMAP (batch Markovian arrival process) models and choose as concrete load transformation the practically relevant token bucket mechanism, which is widely-used in current networks. We are able to determine closed-form analytical solutions to describe the transformed load. Investigations by means of simulations of the quality of our analytical models reflecting token bucket based load transformations underline the high level of accuracy and validity of the predicted secondary load.