Novel floating-gate multiple-valued signal to binary signal converters for multiple-valued CMOS logic

In this paper we present two novel floating-gate multiple-valued (MV) to binary converters for use in multiple-valued (MV) digital CMOS design. The first radix-R to binary converter converts an MV signal directly to a binary representation while the second converter converts a radix R/2 MV signal stepwise through a radix R/2 MV signal. Simulated data of both binary to radix 8 and radix 8 to binary converters are provided.