An expert system approach for classification of heart sounds and murmurs

The various types of heart valvular problems can be classified from the auscultation of heart sounds and murmurs that only requires the use of the stethoscope. To discriminate the various heart sounds and murmurs, the signal parameters are estimated using the instantaneous energy and frequency estimation (IEFE) technique. The parameters are then used as inputs to an expert system classifier to classify the heart sounds and murmurs based on the rule-based method.