An efficient algorithm for finding multiple DC solutions based on Spice oriented Newton homotopy method

For circuit designing, it is very important to calculate the DC operating points. It is known that if the circuit contains positive feedback loops such as flip-flop and negative resistance circuits, it may have many DC solutions. It is very difficult to find all of the solutions for these circuits. In this paper, we show a very simple Spice oriented Newton homotopy method which can efficiently find out the multiple DC solutions, and perhaps all of the solutions.