Analysis and classification of heart sounds and murmurs based on the instantaneous energy and frequency estimations

This paper proposes the use of the instantaneous energy and the frequency estimation in the classification of the heart sounds and murmurs for common heart diseases. It has been known that the present of the heart murmurs in one's heart sound indicates that there is a potential heart problem. Thus, the goal of this work is to develop a technique for detecting and classifying murmurs. Such a technique can be used as part of a heart diagnostic system. The analysis is performed based on a set of 102 data for various heart sounds. To discriminate the various heart sounds, the instantaneous energy and frequency estimation is used to estimate the features of heart sound. The techniques used to estimate the instantaneous frequency are the central finite difference frequency estimation (CFDFE) and zero crossing frequency estimation (ZCFE). From the instantaneous energy and frequency estimate, the energy and frequencies of the heart sounds are defined as the features of the heart sounds that can uniquely discriminate the various heart sounds.