An algorithm for estimating the location of a transmission line shunt fault

This paper presents a new algorithm based on the phasors of the negative sequence components for estimating the locations of balanced and unbalanced faults on transmission lines. The proposed approach uses the digitized samples of the postfault voltage and current 50/60 Hz waveforms at the two line ends. The proposed technique is rested using simulated data obtained from the Electro-Magnetic Transient Program (EMTP) for a three-phase transmission line. The proposed algorithm is independent of fault type. The source impedance and the fault arc resistance are not incorporated in the proposed technique. The measurements taken at the line ends are not required to be synchronized. The least squares technique (LS) is used to test the proposed algorithm. Several cases of different fault points and fault types were studied to check the performance of the proposed approach. Results so far show that the proposed procedure can estimate faults with reasonable accuracy. A comparison between the proposed algorithm and a similar technique based on the positive sequence components has been made.