QoS in next generation Internet

The recent popularity in the use of multimedia software and applications is creating increasing demand on the Internet to support quality of service (QoS). The problems of most concern in the next-generation Internet (NGI), such as bandwidth and latency, have solutions via DWDM (dense wavelength division multiplexing), high-speed switches/routers, etc. QoS seems to be one of the few aspects remaining without having a clear final standard specified so far, due to its complexity and interoperability issues. This paper introduces QoS and clarifies its status and the latest possible solutions, such as MPLS (Multiple Protocol Label Switching), RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol), DiffServ (Differentiated Service), etc., for practical implementations of optical networking in NGI with better QoS features.