Impact of embedded wind farms on voltage control and losses of distribution networks

Voltage magnitude of a distribution system is usually controlled using an on-load tap changer transformer with AVC relay. However, the trend of integrating embedded generation such as wind farms into distribution networks makes it difficult for the AVC relay to maintain voltage magnitude within the statutory limits, particularly if the generator is connected at a long distance from the substation where the relay is located. This paper investigates the use of reactive power injected by a capacitor as a means for assisting the AVC relay for maintaining network voltage magnitude within the required limits. The paper also investigates the effect of the location of such a capacitor on the network voltage profile and network losses.