Dynamic threshold pass-transistor logic for improved delay at lower power supply voltages

We have investigated circuit options to surpass the 1 V power-supply limitation predicted by traditional scaling guidelines. By modulating the body bias, we can dynamically adjust the threshold voltage to have different on- and off-state values. Several dynamic threshold voltage MOSFET (DTMOS) logic styles were analyzed for ultralow-power use-from 1.5 down to 0.5 V. Since ordinary pass-transistor logic degrades as the voltages are reduced, we investigated the effects that a dynamic threshold has on various styles of pass-transistor logic. Three different pass-transistor restoration schemes were simulated with the various DTMOS techniques. Results indicate that controlling the body bias can provide a substantial speed increase and that such techniques are useful over a large range of supply voltages. Process complexity and other tradeoffs associated with DTMOS logic variations are also discussed.