A UWB fractal antenna for body area network applications

A compact ultra-wideband antenna is used to demonstrate a notching method using a fractal for the amelioration of interference from legacy users such WiMAX and WLAN. The achieved results show that this antenna operates in the range of frequencies specified by FCC for BAN and relatively stable characteristics in the presence of simulated biological tissue representing a forearm. The antenna is fed with a compact waveguide and has useful properties with a main beam parallel to and perpendicular to the skin. The antennas have footprints of 1.6cm ×2.2cm and 2cm × 2.6 cm including co-planar feed.