This letter describes an avalanche photodiode (APD) fabricated in a 0.5-μm CMOS process. In Geiger mode, the APD had an area-normalized dark count rate as low as 2 Hz/μm2 at room temperature. Its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increased by an order of magnitude as a result of perimeter field gating. We demonstrate that under high-illumination conditions, perimeter field gating maximizes SNR, whereas under low-light conditions, it maximizes sensitivity.
Published in:
Electron Device Letters, IEEE
(Volume:33
,
Issue:
4
)
Date of Publication: April 2012