A Comparative Study of NBTI and RTN Amplitude Distributions in High- $\kappa$ Gate Dielectric pMOSFETs

Random telegraph noise (RTN) and negative bias temperature (NBT) stress-induced threshold voltage (
Vt
) fluctuations in high-κ gate dielectric and metal-gate pMOSFETs are investigated. We measured RTN amplitude distributions before and after NBT stress. RTN in poststressed devices exhibits a broader amplitude distribution than the prestress one. In addition, we trace a single trapped charge-induced Δ
Vt
in NBT stress and find that the average Δ
Vt
is significantly larger than a Δ
Vt
caused by RTN. A 3-D atomistic simulation is performed to compare a single-charge-induced Δ
Vt
by RTN and NBTI. In our simulation, the probability distribution of a NBT trapped charge in the channel is calculated from the reaction-diffusion model. Our simulation confirms that the NBT-induced Δ
Vt
indeed has a larger distribution tail than RTN due to a current-path percolation effect.