A Low-Cost Compact Patch Antenna With Beam Steering Based on CSRR-Loaded Ground

A novel low-cost compact patch antenna with capability of beam steering is presented in this letter. The complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR)-loaded ground structure enables the property of wide-scale steering range and can greatly reduce the cost of a phased-array system to meet the requirement of the wireless communications. Parameter extraction for the CSRR structure is investigated to analyze the effect of the loading metamaterial on the radiation pattern of the antenna. It is shown that the refractive index of the loading part affects the beam direction. Both of the single and double CSRR-loaded antennas are fabricated to verify the design. Measured results show that the beam of the double CSRR-loaded antenna can scan from -51
^°
to 48
^°
via changing the parameters of CSRR structure.