A clustering routing algorithm of WSN based on uneven nodes deployment

The network topology and routing protocol have a great impact on the performance of wireless sensor networks (WSN). A clustering routing algorithm based on uneven node deployment (CRAUND) is presented. The sensing area is divided into several concentric annuli and nodes are distributed unevenly in the area. The density of sensor nodes in closer area to the sink node is greater than those in further area. In order to balance energy consumption in network, energy cost in each annulus for every period can be made nearly equal. Inner-cluster node competition is introduced to optimize cluster head (CH) selection. Multi-hop transmission between CHs is employed to reduce energy cost, so as to improve their energy efficiency. Simulation results indicate that CRAUND has better performance in terms of balancing and reducing network energy consumption.