Application of SMES and Fuel Cell System Combined With Liquid Hydrogen Vehicle Station to Renewable Energy Control

It is an urgent issue to reduce global carbon-dioxide in the world, and hence the renewable energy, that is environmentally friendly, should be supplied as a large amount of the electric power. Since installation of a large amount of the fluctuating renewable energy, such as wind turbine and photovoltaic, will cause the power utility network unstable, we propose an advanced superconducting power conditioning system (ASPCS) that is composed of Electrolyzer-Hydrogen-FC
$({\rm EL-H}_{2}-{\rm FC})$
and SMES cooled with liquid hydrogen
$({\rm LH}_{2})$
from a
${\rm LH}_{2}$
station for vehicles. The ASPCS has a function of compensating the fluctuating renewable energy with SMES that has quick response and large I/O power, and with
${\rm EL-H}_{2}-{\rm FC}$
that has moderate response and large capacity. The SMES is wound with
${\rm MgB}_{2}$
superconductor with a critical temperature of 39 K from an economical point of view, because it is cooled with
${\rm LH}_{2}$
through a thermo-siphon system to keep safety against a flammable gas. The ASPCS effectively fulfills a power balance by applying a statistical prediction method of Kalman filter algorithm. The capacity of SMES is optimized by using the trend prediction for a number of wind power data. The overall electric efficiency of the ASPCS is evaluated for a typical wind generator.