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Anomalous electromagnetic (EM) phenomena of the ultra-low frequency (ULF) and the extremely low frequency (ELF) prior to or during earthquakes are analyzed using the geodesic finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm and accurate geological EM data. Firstly, the underground EM eruption caused by the earthquake physical process is simulated, and its effects on the surface EM field are analyzed.Based on a series of simulations, a new explanation to the former observed ULF and ELF anomalies prior to and during earthquakes is proposed. Thereafter, to explain the enhancement of the Schumann resonances (SRs) observed in recent years, localized D-region ionospheric anomalies and background lightning noises are added simultaneously into the earthquake EM simulations, and the results are discussed. Finally, the general rules of seismic EM phenomena in the frequency range 0-40 Hz are summarized, and potential earthquake prediction methods are suggested.
Published in:
Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on
(Volume:59
,
Issue:
11
)
Date of Publication: Nov. 2011
- Page(s):
- 4171 - 4180
- ISSN :
- 0018-926X
- INSPEC Accession Number:
- 12328633
- Digital Object Identifier :
- 10.1109/TAP.2011.2164204
- Product Type:
- Journals & Magazines
- Date of Publication :
- 11 August 2011
- Date of Current Version :
- 31 October 2011
- Issue Date :
- Nov. 2011
- Sponsored by :
- IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society
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