S band radar target detection in an extreme advection duct event

Mesoscale numerical weather prediction models coupled with modern parabolic equation radar performance models have allowed the resolution of four dimensional radar performance in challenging non homogeneous near surface refractivity fields at the time and location of the modeller's choice. Large scale offshore flow of warm and dry air over colder seas produces strong surface ducting. Large land-sea temperature differences can produce near shore sea breezes and surface based ducts. This paper describes modelled radar performance in such a complex ducting structure over the Persian Gulf during large scale northwest flow. The refractivity field was resolved by the Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System and the notional radar performance was modelled by the Advanced Refractivity Effects Prediction System. The results indicate strong spatially dependent enhancements and degradations in radar performance relative to a standard atmosphere.