Avatar implementation in virtual reality environment using situated learning for “sa'i” (muslim hajj ritual)

Performing hajj at the grand mosque of Mecca (Masjidil Haram) has been the ultimate goal for Muslims. Many of the hopefuls however, are not familiar with the surrounding of the grand mosque. As a result, Islamic communities in countries such as Malaysia and Singapore conduct months of training on way to perform the hajj rituals. The conventional approach of training uses series of images that fail to provide comprehensive picture of the mosque. Another method is using walk-through scaled models of the grand mosque but is very expensive to implement. This paper proposes the usage of Situated Learning (SL) via virtual reality in assisting the pilgrims in their training. The study emphasizes on 3D virtual reality environment using avatar. The avatar will guide learners through virtual reality environment as user participates in a role based problem solving. SL on the other hand enables learner to take on active role in the learning process. The proposed method enable learner to practice the ritual of sa'i in virtual reality environment. A usability study has been set up to compare the effectiveness of the situated learning. The result shows that the usage of SL is effective compare to learning through visual display.