A 0.18-$\mu$ m CMOS RF Transceiver With Self-Detection and Calibration Functions for Bluetooth V2.1 ${+}$ EDR Applications

An RF front-end transceiver is implemented in standard 0.18-μm CMOS for V2.1 Bluetooth applications. All signal detection and gain calibrations are realized without the need of baseband control, but using an incoming Gaussian frequency-shift keying signal detection mechanism, auto low-noise amplifier gain mode selection, and autogain calibration with a combined programmable gain amplifier/received-signal-strength indicator function. Moreover, a simple control interface between transceiver and baseband is designed. The differential error vector magnitude performance of the transmitter is less than 6%, and a less than 7.5-dB system noise figure is achieved in the receiver. Continuous current consumptions in receiver and transmitter are 32 and 42 mA, respectively, with a 1.8-V internal regulator voltage.