An efficient and accurate model of the coax cable feeding structure for FEM simulations

An efficient and accurate coax cable feed model is proposed for microstrip or cavity-backed patch antennas in the context of a hybrid finite element method (FEM). A TEM mode at the cavity-cable junction is assumed for the FEM truncation and system excitation. Of importance in this implementation is that the cavity unknowns are related to the model fields by enforcing an equipotential condition rather than field continuity. This scheme proved quite accurate and may be applied to other decomposed systems as a connectivity constraint, comparisons of our predictions with input impedance measurements are presented, and these demonstrate the substantially improved accuracy of the proposed model.