Fullerenes in Ion Sources

To our knowledge, a "fullerene ion source" does not exist. Usually, ion sources developed for other purposes are applied (sometimes after slight or major modifications) to produce fullerenes or carbon clusters in plasma or beam forms. This paper reviews the ion sources in which the production of fullerene (C
₆₀
, C
₇₀
, etc.) plasmas or beams was reported. Recent results obtained with electron cyclotron resonance ion sources will be shown in more detail.