A multiple cross-layers explicit fast handover control using MIH in 802.16e networks

The ultimate goal for wireless services is to provide a seamless and good quality platform for any kind of application. All relevant protocols or radio access systems provide some techniques to deal with handover problems. The idea of cross-layer is proposed to facilitate handover across different layers. Most of previous research in cross-layer architecture uses SNR or RSSI as triggers to anticipate the layer 2 handover. However, there are problems with the consistence of real handover taken in layer 2 and anticipation handover in upper layers. Also the time point for trigger that sends to upper layers is very critical for fast handover in MIPv6. In this research, we propose a handover procedure combining 802.16e, FMIPv6, SIP, and 802.21 MIH, which ensures explicit handover between 802.16e wireless network and upper layers, to provide seamless service and without packet loss.